Former Rosenwald School
Historical marker location:(Now "The Little Red Schoolhouse") A symbol of Black America's pride in education, plus crusade of Julius Rosenwald (1862-1932), a Chicagoan who in 1913 began to fund school buildings for negroes. By 1920, when this one-teacher structure was built at Ratcliff (4 miles east), Rosenwald's grants had to be matched -- in this case, by Houston County funds.
Alfred Foy (1865-1944), a veteran of brush arbor and log cabin classrooms, taught in this building at Ratcliff 1920-23 and 1924-27; Miss Detroit Denman, 1923-24; Mrs. Evola Colbert Dorn, 1927-55. Their pupils' playground equipment consisted of a baseball diamond, basketball goal, mulberry tree and swing. Yet patrons -- true to zeal that helped obtain the building -- brought in food and saw that the children had hot lunches.
Sessions ceased in 1955 when the Ratcliff school was consolidated with Kennard Common School District No. 75. The Ratcliff building was used 1955-68 as the community center for socials and public meetings. In 1868 the "Old Rosenwald School" was moved to Kennard for use by Headstart and related programs.
Texas had a total of 518 school buildings funded by the Rosenwald Foundation -- 22 of them in Houston County -- providing classrooms for thousands
As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.
In 1838, Houston County was officially established and named after Sam Houston, a prominent figure in the Texas Revolution and later the Republic of Texas. The county became a focal point during this time, with numerous conflicts between settlers and Native American tribes, as well as various clashes involving Mexican troops.
During the mid-19th century, Houston County experienced rapid growth and development, as many settlers were attracted to the area's fertile soil and abundant natural resources. Immigrants from various European countries, such as Germany and Austria, arrived in large numbers, contributing to the cultural diversity of the county. Additionally, the construction of railroads in the late 1800s played a pivotal role in fostering economic growth and connecting Houston County to neighboring regions.
In the 20th century, Houston County faced several challenges, including the Great Depression and the decline of the timber industry. However, the discovery of oil in neighboring counties brought new economic opportunities to the region and provided a much-needed boost to Houston County's economy. Today, Houston County continues to thrive as a vibrant rural community, with a rich history that is celebrated through numerous historic sites, museums, and events that showcase its past.
Houston County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Houston County, Texas.
- 1837 - Houston County is created and organized from Nacogdoches County.
- 1839 - The county seat, Crockett, is established and named after David Crockett.
- 1854 - The Houston and Great Northern Railroad is built through the county, boosting economic development.
- 1861-1865 - Houston County residents actively participate in the Civil War.
- 1881 - The discovery of oil in the county leads to an oil boom.
- 1893 - The Houston County courthouse is destroyed by fire.
- 1936 - The Texas State Park Board establishes Ratcliff Lake Recreation Area.
- 1968 - Hurricane Beulah causes significant damage to the county.
- 2008 - Hurricane Ike causes widespread destruction and power outages in the area.
- 2020 - Houston County celebrates its 183rd anniversary.