What are Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries are public libraries that were built with financial assistance from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. These libraries were funded by Carnegie's donations and were established across the United States and other countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who made a fortune in the steel industry during the late 19th century. He believed in the importance of education and donated a significant portion of his wealth to fund the construction of public libraries, known as Carnegie Libraries.

Why did Andrew Carnegie fund libraries?

Andrew Carnegie believed that access to knowledge and education was vital for individual and societal progress. He funded libraries as a way to provide free access to books and learning resources to communities, particularly those that lacked access to educational opportunities.

How many Carnegie Libraries were built?

Between 1883 and 1929, Carnegie's donations led to the construction of over 2,500 libraries worldwide. The majority of these libraries were built in the United States, with others in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

What was the process to receive funding for a Carnegie Library?

Communities seeking funding for a Carnegie Library had to submit a formal application to Carnegie's foundation, providing details about their need for a library, willingness to maintain the library, and plans for site selection and ongoing funding. Carnegie's foundation would then review the application and approve or deny the request.

What were the architectural features of Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries often featured neoclassical architectural styles, reflecting the prevailing design preferences of the time. Many were designed by prominent architects and showcased features like grand entrances, decorative facades, and large reading rooms with high ceilings and natural light.

Were all Carnegie Libraries the same?

While Carnegie Libraries shared the common purpose of providing public access to books and knowledge, their sizes and designs varied depending on the community's needs and available funding. Some libraries were smaller, single-room facilities, while others were larger, multi-story buildings.

Are Carnegie Libraries still in use today?

Many Carnegie Libraries are still in use today, serving as public libraries, community centers, museums, or other cultural institutions. Some have undergone renovations or expansions to accommodate modern needs, while others remain relatively unchanged.

Did Carnegie Libraries have any specific requirements or conditions?

Carnegie's donations often came with conditions. For example, communities were expected to provide a suitable site for the library, commit to maintaining the facility, and allocate a portion of their annual budget for library operations. Additionally, racial segregation was sometimes enforced in Carnegie Libraries, reflecting the social norms of the era.

What is the legacy of Carnegie Libraries?

The Carnegie Library initiative had a significant impact on public library development worldwide. It expanded access to education, promoted literacy, and served as a model for future library systems. The libraries continue to play a crucial role in communities by providing free access to knowledge and fostering a love of reading.

Historical Marker

Uinta County Library (Carnegie Library) 1906

Historical marker location:

1020 Front Street, Evanston, Wyoming

( Marker is on Front Street (U.S. 189), on the right when traveling north.)

A brief timeline of the history of Carnegie Libraries

1881: Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, begins his philanthropic efforts in library construction by donating funds to build the Braddock Library in Pennsylvania.
1883: The first "Carnegie Library" is officially established in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie's birthplace. This library serves as a model for future Carnegie Libraries.
1886: Carnegie writes an article titled "Wealth," where he articulates his belief in philanthropy and the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society.
1889: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is established with the aim of funding the construction of libraries across the United States and other English-speaking countries.
1893: The first Carnegie Library in the United States, the Carnegie Library of Braddock in Pennsylvania, is opened to the public.
Late 1890s to early 1900s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries spreads rapidly throughout the United States and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The libraries are often designed by prominent architects and feature diverse architectural styles.
1901: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is founded as a philanthropic organization to manage and administer Andrew Carnegie's charitable projects, including the library program.
1902: Carnegie makes a significant endowment, donating $10 million to establish the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Institute includes a library, an art gallery, and a natural history museum.
1917: Andrew Carnegie dies, leaving a lasting legacy of philanthropy, including the establishment of thousands of libraries around the world.
1920s-1930s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries gradually slows down, and the focus shifts to maintaining and updating existing libraries to meet changing community needs.
Late 20th century to present: Many Carnegie Libraries undergo renovations, expansions, or repurposing to adapt to modern library services and technological advancements. Some continue to operate as public libraries, while others have been transformed into cultural centers, museums, community spaces, or educational institutions.

The Carnegie Libraries have left an indelible mark on the accessibility of knowledge and education. They remain a testament to Andrew Carnegie's belief in the power of libraries to uplift communities and provide opportunities for personal and intellectual growth.

Wyoming was the first state in the US to grant women the right to vote. On December 10, 1869, Wyoming Governor John A. Campbell signed the first women's suffrage bill into law, making Wyoming the first government in the world to grant women the right to vote and to hold public office.

About Uinta County

Uinta County is located in the southwestern part of the state of Wyoming in the United States. The region that is now Uinta County was first inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Shoshone and Ute people. The arrival of European settlers in the early 19th century brought significant changes to the area.

In the mid-1800s, the discovery of gold and other valuable minerals attracted miners to Uinta County. This led to the establishment of mining communities such as Evanston and Fort Bridger. The construction of the Union Pacific Railroad in the late 1860s further boosted the county's economy and population.

During the late 19th century, Uinta County experienced a period of growth and development. Agriculture became an important industry, and many ranches were established in the region. The county also benefited from the expansion of the railroad, which facilitated trade and transportation.

In the 20th century, Uinta County continued to thrive. The discovery of oil and natural gas reserves in the area brought a new wave of economic growth. The county's population steadily increased, and new towns and communities were established. Today, Uinta County remains an important hub for agriculture and energy production, and it offers a mix of natural beauty and historical attractions for residents and visitors to enjoy.

Uinta County Timeline

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Uinta County, Wyoming.

1862: Uinta County is established by the Dakota Legislature as part of the Idaho Territory
1869: The first settlement in Uinta County, Evanston, is established as a railroad town
1875: Uinta County becomes part of the Wyoming Territory
1880: The county experiences a population boom due to coal mining and the railroad
1911: Uinta County loses a portion of its territory to the newly created Lincoln County
1921: The first oil well is drilled in Uinta County, leading to increased economic development
1971: The county seat of Uinta County is moved from Evanston to Kemmerer
1973: The current courthouse in Evanston is completed
1998: Uinta County celebrates its 125th anniversary