Historical Marker

Sauk County Civil War Monument

Historical marker location:
515 Oak Street, Baraboo, Wisconsin
( Marker is on Oak Street north of 3rd Avenue, on the left when traveling north.)
Marker installed: 1896

  A brief timeline of the Civil War

  • April 12, 1861: The Civil War begins with the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, located in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor.

  • April 15, 1861: President Abraham Lincoln issues a call for 75,000 volunteers to serve in the Union Army to suppress the rebellion.

  • May 24, 1861: The first major land battle, known as the First Battle of Bull Run (or First Battle of Manassas), takes place in Virginia. It ends in Confederate victory.

  • September 17, 1862: The Battle of Antietam in Maryland becomes the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with heavy casualties on both sides. The Union forces, commanded by General George McClellan, manage to halt Confederate General Robert E. Lee's advance into Union territory.

  • January 1, 1863: President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that all slaves in Confederate-held territories are to be set free. However, the proclamation does not immediately free all slaves in the United States.

  • July 1-3, 1863: The Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania takes place, resulting in a significant Union victory and inflicting heavy casualties on Confederate forces. It marks a turning point in the war.

  • November 19, 1863: President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the principles of liberty, equality, and the preservation of the Union.

  • April 9, 1865: General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.

  • April 14, 1865: President Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.

  • May 10, 1865: Confederate President Jefferson Davis is captured, signaling the collapse of the Confederate government.

  • December 6, 1865: The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, officially abolishing slavery throughout the country.

While this timeline provides an overview of key events, it is important to note that the Civil War spanned over four years, from 1861 to 1865, and encompassed numerous battles, campaigns, and political developments that shaped the course of American history.

Wisconsin is known as the "Badger State" because of the lead miners who first settled there in the 1820s and 1830s. These miners often lived in tunnels burrowed into hillsides, much like badgers.
Wisconsin random facts
Sauk County, Wisconsin, located in the southern part of the state, has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The area was originally home to indigenous tribes, including the Ho-Chunk Nation and the Sac and Fox tribes. These Native American groups inhabited the region for centuries, living off the land and sustaining themselves through hunting, fishing, and agriculture.

European settlement in Sauk County began in the early 19th century when fur traders and explorers ventured into the area. One of the most significant figures in the county's history is Augustin Grignon, a fur trader, and early settler who established a trading post along the Wisconsin River in present-day Prairie du Sac. The establishment of this trading post marked the beginning of permanent European settlement in Sauk County.

In the mid-19th century, Sauk County experienced rapid growth and development. The construction of railroads in the 1850s facilitated trade and transportation, attracting more settlers to the area. The county quickly became an important agricultural center, with farmers cultivating crops like wheat, corn, and tobacco. The growth of the dairy industry also played a vital role in Sauk County's economy.

Sauk County is perhaps most famous for its association with renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Born and raised in the nearby city of Richland Center, Wright spent a significant portion of his career designing and building homes and structures in the county. His influence can still be seen today in the distinctive architecture found throughout Sauk County.

Overall, Sauk County's history is a testament to the determination and hard work of its early settlers, the influence of Native American culture, and the lasting impact of figures like Augustin Grignon and Frank Lloyd Wright. Today, the county continues to thrive as a popular tourist destination and a vibrant community rooted in its past.

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Sauk County, Wisconsin.

  • 1836: The Wisconsin Territory is established, including the area that is now Sauk County.
  • 1840: Sauk County is officially organized with the initial settlements of Baraboo and Prairie du Sac.
  • 1850s: The construction of railroads in Sauk County leads to increased transportation and economic growth.
  • 1860s: Baraboo becomes a major center for circus performances, with several circus companies based in the area.
  • 1875: The Al. Ringling Theatre, now a historic landmark, is built in Baraboo.
  • 1930s: The Great Depression affects Sauk County, leading to economic challenges for the local communities.
  • 1940s: The construction of the Badger Army Ammunition Plant in Baraboo brings employment opportunities during World War II.
  • 1950s-1960s: Tourism becomes an important industry in Sauk County, with the development of attractions such as the Wisconsin Dells.
  • 1970s: Efforts to preserve the natural beauty and environmentally sensitive areas of Sauk County begin, leading to the creation of conservation areas and parks.
  • 1990s-2000s: Sauk County experiences population growth and economic development, while still maintaining its rural character.