Courthouses

Dane County, Wisconsin, has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. Before European settlers arrived, the area was inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) and the Menominee. These tribes relied on hunting, fishing, and farming for their livelihoods and had established communities in the region.

In the early 1800s, European settlers began to arrive in what is now Dane County. The first permanent settlement was established in the present-day city of Madison in 1829 by James Duane Doty, who would later become the first territorial governor of Wisconsin. Doty selected the location for its strategic position between the Four Lakes region and the established lead mining communities to the southwest.

In 1836, the Wisconsin Territory was created, and the territorial capital was moved from Belmont to Madison, making it the center of government for the region. The construction of the Wisconsin State Capitol building began in 1837, solidifying Madison's status as the capital of the newly formed state of Wisconsin in 1848.

Throughout the 19th century, Dane County experienced significant growth and development. The construction of railroads in the mid-1800s brought increased transportation and commerce to the region. Agriculture, particularly dairy farming, became a major industry, and the county became known for its production of milk and cheese.

In the 20th century, Dane County continued to grow as the University of Wisconsin-Madison became a prominent educational institution and the state's flagship university. The county also became a center for government, healthcare, and technology, with the establishment of government agencies, hospitals, and tech companies. Today, Dane County is known for its vibrant culture, beautiful natural landscapes, and thriving economy.