San Juan County Courthouse

San Juan County is located in the Pacific Northwest region of Washington State, consisting of a collection of islands known as the San Juan Islands. The history of the county stretches back thousands of years, with evidence of human habitation by indigenous peoples dating back at least 8,000 years. The islands were home to various Native American tribes, including the Coast Salish peoples, who relied on the abundance of marine resources for their sustenance.

In 1791, Spanish explorer Francisco de Eliza named the islands after himself, calling them the "Archipelago de San Juan." The Spanish presence in the region was short-lived, as the territory was later claimed by the British in the early 1800s. The Oregon Treaty of 1846 resolved competing territorial claims and established the international boundary between the United States and British North America (now Canada) through the islands.

San Juan County experienced a significant boom in the mid-1800s with the discovery of valuable natural resources, including limestone deposits used in the construction of the Washington State Capitol building. The islands saw an influx of settlers, including families of European and Chinese descent, who established farming and fishing communities. The county's economy also relied on the timber industry, with logging operations providing employment and fueling local growth.

The 20th century brought changes to San Juan County, with improved transportation infrastructure connecting the islands to the mainland and the rise of tourism as a major industry. The natural beauty and recreational opportunities of the San Juan Islands attracted visitors from across the country, leading to the development of hotels, restaurants, and recreational facilities. Today, San Juan County thrives as a popular tourist destination, known for its stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and vibrant arts and culture scene.