Historical Marker

Chester Civil War Memorial

Historical marker location:
Chester, Vermont
( Marker is at the intersection of Vermont Route 11 and School Street, on the right when traveling west on State Route 11.)

  A brief timeline of the Civil War

  • April 12, 1861: The Civil War begins with the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, located in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor.

  • April 15, 1861: President Abraham Lincoln issues a call for 75,000 volunteers to serve in the Union Army to suppress the rebellion.

  • May 24, 1861: The first major land battle, known as the First Battle of Bull Run (or First Battle of Manassas), takes place in Virginia. It ends in Confederate victory.

  • September 17, 1862: The Battle of Antietam in Maryland becomes the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with heavy casualties on both sides. The Union forces, commanded by General George McClellan, manage to halt Confederate General Robert E. Lee's advance into Union territory.

  • January 1, 1863: President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that all slaves in Confederate-held territories are to be set free. However, the proclamation does not immediately free all slaves in the United States.

  • July 1-3, 1863: The Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania takes place, resulting in a significant Union victory and inflicting heavy casualties on Confederate forces. It marks a turning point in the war.

  • November 19, 1863: President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the principles of liberty, equality, and the preservation of the Union.

  • April 9, 1865: General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.

  • April 14, 1865: President Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.

  • May 10, 1865: Confederate President Jefferson Davis is captured, signaling the collapse of the Confederate government.

  • December 6, 1865: The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, officially abolishing slavery throughout the country.

While this timeline provides an overview of key events, it is important to note that the Civil War spanned over four years, from 1861 to 1865, and encompassed numerous battles, campaigns, and political developments that shaped the course of American history.

Vermont was once an independent republic: In 1777, Vermont declared itself an independent republic, separate from both the United States and Great Britain. The republic lasted for 14 years until it was admitted as the 14th state in the Union in 1791.
Vermont random facts
Windsor County, Vermont has a rich history that dates back to its establishment in 1777. The county was named after the town of Windsor, which was the birthplace of the state of Vermont. The area itself, however, had been inhabited by the indigenous Abenaki people for thousands of years before the arrival of European settlers.

In the early days of settlement, Windsor County thrived as an agricultural and industrial hub. Its fertile soil and favorable climate made it an ideal location for farming, with dairy and cheese production becoming major industries. The county also benefited from the development of mills along its many rivers, which powered the production of textiles, lumber, and other goods.

During the 19th century, Windsor County played a significant role in the abolitionist movement and the fight against slavery. Many residents were staunch abolitionists and actively participated in the Underground Railroad, helping to guide escaped slaves to freedom. Windsor County was also home to the Vermont Anti-Slavery Society and played a crucial role in supporting the Union cause during the Civil War.

In the 20th century, Windsor County experienced changes and challenges brought about by the decline of agriculture and the rise of tourism. The county adapted to these shifts by promoting its scenic beauty and outdoor recreation opportunities, attracting visitors to its charming towns and picturesque landscapes. Today, Windsor County remains a vibrant and diverse community that balances its rich history with a commitment to sustainable development and preserving its natural resources.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Windsor County, Vermont.

  • 1761: Windsor County is established as one of the four original counties of the Vermont Republic.
  • 1777: Vermont declares itself an independent republic, with Windsor as the capital.
  • 1781: The Vermont Republic is admitted to the United States as the 14th state.
  • 1790: Windsor County's population reaches over 4,000 residents.
  • 1846: The Vermont Central Railroad is completed, connecting Windsor County to the national rail network.
  • 1903: The Taftsville Bridge, one of the longest covered bridges in Vermont, is constructed.
  • 1955: The Vermont State Veterans' Home is established in Windsor County to provide care for veterans.
  • 1988: The Quechee Gorge, known as "Vermont's Little Grand Canyon," is designated as a state park.
  • 1993: The Windsor County Courthouse, a historic Georgian-style building, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
  • 2011: Windsor County experiences widespread damage from Hurricane Irene, leading to significant recovery and rebuilding efforts.