National Register Listings in Russell County, Virginia
The Virginia Colony was known for its tobacco production, which was the main export during the 17th century. Virginia's tobacco exports helped make it one of the wealthiest colonies in North America.
About Russell County
Russell County Timeline
Russell County, Virginia has a rich history dating back to its formation in 1786. Named after Colonel William Russell, a prominent figure in the American Revolution, the county was carved out of Washington County to meet the increasing demand for better governance and law enforcement in the southwestern part of the state. Initially, settlers in the area primarily relied on agriculture, with crops like tobacco and corn being prominent.
During the 19th century, Russell County experienced significant growth and development. The construction of the Norfolk and Western Railroad in the 1880s played a vital role in facilitating transportation and trade, allowing the county to expand its economic activities. The railroad also brought an influx of new settlers, ensuring the area's growth as a regional hub.
The county's economy shifted in the 20th century, as coal mining became a significant industry. Abundant coal deposits in the surrounding Appalachian Mountains attracted mining companies, leading to the establishment of numerous mines and related infrastructure. This brought new job opportunities and boosted the local economy. However, the decline of the coal industry in recent decades has posed challenges for the county, necessitating diversification of industries and economic activities.
Russell County also played a role in the American Civil War. The county was divided, with some residents supporting the Union and others the Confederacy. Throughout the war, both sides experienced conflicts and guerilla warfare, impacting the county's social fabric. Many battles and skirmishes were fought in the area, leaving their mark on the landscape and local history.
Today, Russell County continues to preserve its historical heritage while striving for a prosperous future. The county's diverse economy now includes agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, and tourism. Through efforts to promote tourism and preserve historical sites, Russell County attracts visitors from around the region who come to explore its rich history and natural beauty.
During the 19th century, Russell County experienced significant growth and development. The construction of the Norfolk and Western Railroad in the 1880s played a vital role in facilitating transportation and trade, allowing the county to expand its economic activities. The railroad also brought an influx of new settlers, ensuring the area's growth as a regional hub.
The county's economy shifted in the 20th century, as coal mining became a significant industry. Abundant coal deposits in the surrounding Appalachian Mountains attracted mining companies, leading to the establishment of numerous mines and related infrastructure. This brought new job opportunities and boosted the local economy. However, the decline of the coal industry in recent decades has posed challenges for the county, necessitating diversification of industries and economic activities.
Russell County also played a role in the American Civil War. The county was divided, with some residents supporting the Union and others the Confederacy. Throughout the war, both sides experienced conflicts and guerilla warfare, impacting the county's social fabric. Many battles and skirmishes were fought in the area, leaving their mark on the landscape and local history.
Today, Russell County continues to preserve its historical heritage while striving for a prosperous future. The county's diverse economy now includes agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, and tourism. Through efforts to promote tourism and preserve historical sites, Russell County attracts visitors from around the region who come to explore its rich history and natural beauty.
Russell County Timeline
This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Russell County, Virginia.
- 1786 - Russell County is formed from a division of Washington County.
- 1792 - John Russell, a Virginia Revolutionary War veteran and politician, becomes the county's namesake.
- 1799 - The first courthouse is built in the town of Lebanon.
- 1832 - The county's boundaries are extended following the formation of Tazewell County.
- 1850 - The county experiences a population boom due to the discovery of salt deposits.
- 1861-1865 - Russell County actively participates in the American Civil War, primarily aligned with the Confederate States of America.
- 1881 - The Clinchfield Railroad reaches the county, enabling economic growth.
- 1921 - Dante, a coal mining town, suffers a devastating flood.
- 1950s-1960s - The county sees a decline in coal mining, leading to economic challenges.
- 1980s-1990s - Efforts are made to diversify the county's economy and promote tourism.
- Present - Russell County continues to thrive as a rural community, known for its natural beauty and historical significance.