Northumberland County, Virginia

Northumberland County, located in Virginia's Northern Neck region, has a rich and fascinating history that spans over four centuries. The county was first explored by Captain John Smith in the early 17th century, and English settlers established the area's first permanent settlement in 1648. Originally part of the sprawling New Kent County, Northumberland was officially established as an independent county in 1648.

During the colonial era, Northumberland County was primarily an agricultural community, with tobacco as the main cash crop. The county's economy thrived, and plantations were established along the coastline. As the American Revolution approached, Northumberland County became a hub of patriotic fervor. Many residents joined the fight against British rule, and the county played a significant role in the struggle for independence.

In the 19th century, Northumberland County experienced a decline in its agricultural industry, partially due to a decline in tobacco production. However, the county's waterways and natural resources became increasingly important. Fishing, oyster harvesting, and boat building emerged as major industries, ensuring the continued economic viability of the region.

Over the years, Northumberland County has remained a largely rural and picturesque area, known for its natural beauty and historic heritage. Today, it attracts visitors with its charming small towns, historic sites, and waterfront activities. The county's history is still evident in its architecture, museums, and the descendants of its early settlers, who have helped preserve the heritage of this scenic corner of Virginia.
Brief timeline of the history of Northumberland County, Virginia:

  • 1648: Northumberland County is established as one of the original eight shires (counties) of Virginia.
  • 1681: The county courthouse is built in the growing town of Machodoc.
  • 1722: The town of Heathsville becomes the new county seat and the courthouse is relocated there.
  • 1765: Northumberland County suffers heavy damage during the British raid known as the Burning of Hampton.
  • 1790: The county experiences a significant increase in population and its economy thrives due to tobacco farming.
  • 1825: The County Court House in Heathsville is renovated and expanded.
  • 1861: Northumberland County supports the Confederacy during the Civil War.
  • 1864: Union forces conduct a naval bombardment of the county, resulting in damage to several buildings.
  • 1928: A local electric cooperative is formed to provide electricity to rural areas of Northumberland County.
  • 1942: Naval Air Station Patuxent River is established near the county, bringing economic opportunities.
  • 1977: The town of Reedville, located in Northumberland County, is named a National Historic District.
  • 2003: The County Court House in Heathsville undergoes a major restoration to preserve its historic architecture.

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Northumberland County, Virginia.