National Register Listings in

Nelson County, Virginia

Nelson County, Virginia, is located in the central part of the state, bordering the Blue Ridge Mountains. The area was inhabited by Native American tribes for thousands of years before European settlers arrived. In the 18th century, German, Scots-Irish, and English families began to settle in present-day Nelson County, taking advantage of the prime agricultural land and the opportunities presented by the expanding frontier.

The county was officially established in 1807 and named after Thomas Nelson Jr., a signer of the Declaration of Independence from Virginia. Throughout the 19th century, agriculture, particularly tobacco farming, was the backbone of the county's economy. Nelson County experienced growth and development with the construction of the James River and Kanawha Canal and later the railroad, facilitating trade and transportation.

However, Nelson County faced significant challenges in the 20th century. In 1969, the county was devastated by Hurricane Camille, which caused severe flooding and resulted in the deaths of over 100 people. The aftermath of the hurricane prompted efforts for better disaster preparedness and infrastructure improvements in the county.

Today, Nelson County is known for its natural beauty, including the scenic Blue Ridge Parkway, hiking trails, and numerous wineries and breweries. The county's economy has diversified, with tourism playing an increasingly important role. Nelson County continues to preserve its rich history and natural resources while embracing growth and development.