National Register Listings in

Giles County, Virginia

Giles County, located in southwest Virginia, has a rich and diverse history that dates back to the early 1700s. The county was officially established in 1806 and was named after William Branch Giles, a prominent figure in Virginia politics and the United States Senate.

The early settlers of Giles County were primarily of Scotch-Irish descent and were drawn to the area by the vast resources of timber, fertile land, and the opportunity for agricultural pursuits. These initial settlers faced many challenges, including conflicts with Native American tribes such as the Shawnee and Cherokee.

During the 19th century, Giles County experienced significant economic growth with the rise of the coal and iron industry. The New River, which flows through the county, provided an important means of transportation for these industries, as well as access to markets further downstream. Numerous mining operations and iron furnaces were established, attracting a wave of workers and immigrants to the area.

Giles County played a significant role in the Civil War, as it was positioned on the border between Union and Confederate territories. The county saw military action and was occupied at various times by both Confederate and Union forces. The impact of the war was felt deeply, with significant loss of life and destruction of property.

In the 20th century, Giles County underwent a shift towards a more diversified economy, with the decline of the coal and iron industries. Today, the county's economy is centered around agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. The area is known for its natural beauty, outdoor recreation opportunities, and historic landmarks, attracting visitors from near and far. Giles County continues to preserve and celebrate its rich history, offering a glimpse into its past while embracing the opportunities of the present.