What are Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries are public libraries that were built with financial assistance from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. These libraries were funded by Carnegie's donations and were established across the United States and other countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who made a fortune in the steel industry during the late 19th century. He believed in the importance of education and donated a significant portion of his wealth to fund the construction of public libraries, known as Carnegie Libraries.

Why did Andrew Carnegie fund libraries?

Andrew Carnegie believed that access to knowledge and education was vital for individual and societal progress. He funded libraries as a way to provide free access to books and learning resources to communities, particularly those that lacked access to educational opportunities.

How many Carnegie Libraries were built?

Between 1883 and 1929, Carnegie's donations led to the construction of over 2,500 libraries worldwide. The majority of these libraries were built in the United States, with others in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

What was the process to receive funding for a Carnegie Library?

Communities seeking funding for a Carnegie Library had to submit a formal application to Carnegie's foundation, providing details about their need for a library, willingness to maintain the library, and plans for site selection and ongoing funding. Carnegie's foundation would then review the application and approve or deny the request.

What were the architectural features of Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries often featured neoclassical architectural styles, reflecting the prevailing design preferences of the time. Many were designed by prominent architects and showcased features like grand entrances, decorative facades, and large reading rooms with high ceilings and natural light.

Were all Carnegie Libraries the same?

While Carnegie Libraries shared the common purpose of providing public access to books and knowledge, their sizes and designs varied depending on the community's needs and available funding. Some libraries were smaller, single-room facilities, while others were larger, multi-story buildings.

Are Carnegie Libraries still in use today?

Many Carnegie Libraries are still in use today, serving as public libraries, community centers, museums, or other cultural institutions. Some have undergone renovations or expansions to accommodate modern needs, while others remain relatively unchanged.

Did Carnegie Libraries have any specific requirements or conditions?

Carnegie's donations often came with conditions. For example, communities were expected to provide a suitable site for the library, commit to maintaining the facility, and allocate a portion of their annual budget for library operations. Additionally, racial segregation was sometimes enforced in Carnegie Libraries, reflecting the social norms of the era.

What is the legacy of Carnegie Libraries?

The Carnegie Library initiative had a significant impact on public library development worldwide. It expanded access to education, promoted literacy, and served as a model for future library systems. The libraries continue to play a crucial role in communities by providing free access to knowledge and fostering a love of reading.

Historical Marker

Ephraim Carnegie Library

Historical marker location:

30 South Main Street, Ephraim, Utah

( Marker is on South Main Street, on the right when traveling south.)

A brief timeline of the history of Carnegie Libraries

1881: Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, begins his philanthropic efforts in library construction by donating funds to build the Braddock Library in Pennsylvania.
1883: The first "Carnegie Library" is officially established in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie's birthplace. This library serves as a model for future Carnegie Libraries.
1886: Carnegie writes an article titled "Wealth," where he articulates his belief in philanthropy and the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society.
1889: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is established with the aim of funding the construction of libraries across the United States and other English-speaking countries.
1893: The first Carnegie Library in the United States, the Carnegie Library of Braddock in Pennsylvania, is opened to the public.
Late 1890s to early 1900s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries spreads rapidly throughout the United States and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The libraries are often designed by prominent architects and feature diverse architectural styles.
1901: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is founded as a philanthropic organization to manage and administer Andrew Carnegie's charitable projects, including the library program.
1902: Carnegie makes a significant endowment, donating $10 million to establish the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Institute includes a library, an art gallery, and a natural history museum.
1917: Andrew Carnegie dies, leaving a lasting legacy of philanthropy, including the establishment of thousands of libraries around the world.
1920s-1930s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries gradually slows down, and the focus shifts to maintaining and updating existing libraries to meet changing community needs.
Late 20th century to present: Many Carnegie Libraries undergo renovations, expansions, or repurposing to adapt to modern library services and technological advancements. Some continue to operate as public libraries, while others have been transformed into cultural centers, museums, community spaces, or educational institutions.

The Carnegie Libraries have left an indelible mark on the accessibility of knowledge and education. They remain a testament to Andrew Carnegie's belief in the power of libraries to uplift communities and provide opportunities for personal and intellectual growth.

The Mormon pioneers who settled in Utah brought with them a unique form of irrigation known as "Mormon irrigation." This method involved diverting water from rivers and streams into irrigation ditches and canals to irrigate crops.

About Sanpete County

Sanpete County, UT, located in central Utah, has a rich and diverse history that dates back to prehistoric times. The region was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, specifically the Ute and Paiute people, who relied on the area's fertile lands for sustenance. In the mid-1800s, Mormon settlers arrived, led by Brigham Young, and established the first permanent European-American settlement in the county.

The pioneers initially faced challenges due to the harsh and remote conditions of the region, but they diligently cultivated the land and built communities. The county was named after an ancient prophet mentioned in the Book of Mormon. The first settlers were primarily engaged in farming, and the rich soil proved ideal for growing crops, particularly wheat, and raising livestock.

Sanpete County played a significant role in the Mormon migration and settlement of Utah. It became a central hub for trade, education, and religious worship. The county's largest city, Manti, is known for its remarkable Mormon temple, which was constructed from 1877 to 1888 and still serves as a spiritual center for the community.

Over time, Sanpete County thrived economically and culturally as more settlers arrived and new industries emerged. Mines producing coal, gold, and other minerals were established, providing employment opportunities. Education also flourished, with the establishment of various schools and the founding of Snow College in 1888, which continues to be a prestigious educational institution in the region.

Today, Sanpete County, UT, remains an essential part of Utah's history and culture. Its vibrant communities, stunning natural landscapes, and enduring pioneer spirit make it a fascinating place to explore and learn more about the state's pioneering past.

Sanpete County Timeline

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Sanpete County, Utah.

1849: Mormon pioneers led by Isaac Morley settle in what is now Sanpete County
1850: Fort Ephraim is established as a protection against Native American attacks
1850: The city of Manti is founded and becomes the county seat
1853: The Manti Utah Temple is dedicated, becoming an important religious site
1865: Sanpete County is officially organized
1879: The Arapeen National Forest is established, promoting conservation and recreation
1891: The first electric light system is introduced in Manti
1955: Manti LDS Temple is rededicated after extensive renovations
1999: Gunnison Valley Hospital opens, providing healthcare services to the county
2016: Sanpete County celebrates its 150th anniversary with various events and activities