Col. John I. Gregg 1872 Battle Site
Historical marker location:The decade after 1865 was a time of transition for the U.S. Many citizens moved west, coming into conflict with Native American tribes living on the Great Plains. Settlers demanded the U.S. Army provide their protection. The Army responded by conducting campaigns against the Southern Plains Indians. In 1872, one such campaign included troops of the Eighth Cavalry commanded by Colonel John I. Gregg, who departed from New Mexico into West Texas to locate Native American raiders. On August 16, his troops skirmished here with Kiowas, killing or injuring twelve while suffering one wounded. This and the Red River War (1874-75) led to the subjugation of Plains Indians and their confinement to reservations. (2006)
As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.
Texas has been a major oil-producing state for over a century. The first big oil discovery in Texas was the Spindletop field near Beaumont in 1901, which set off a massive oil boom that transformed the state's economy and made Texas one of the wealthiest states in the country.
The settlement of Randall County began with the arrival of ranchers in the late 1870s, who found the area ideal for cattle grazing due to its vast grasslands and access to water sources such as the Canadian River. In the early years, the county experienced growth through the establishment of ranches and small communities. The discovery of oil in the early 1900s brought further economic opportunities to the area.
During the early 20th century, the county's population grew steadily, and agriculture became a major industry. Cotton, wheat, and other crops were cultivated throughout the region, with a focus on dryland farming techniques. The county's agricultural success was bolstered by the development of irrigation systems and improved transportation infrastructure, such as the arrival of railroads.
In the mid-20th century, Randall County experienced significant growth and development. The city of Amarillo, which is partially located within the county, became a hub for business, commerce, and industry in the region. The county's economy diversified, with the growth of manufacturing, healthcare, and service industries. Today, Randall County continues to thrive as a center of economic activity and a vibrant community with a rich and storied history.
Randall County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Randall County, Texas.
- 1876 - Randall County was established by the Texas legislature.
- 1880 - The county's first courthouse was built in the town of Henrietta.
- 1889 - Canyon City became the county seat and a new courthouse was constructed.
- 1899 - West Texas State Normal College (now West Texas A&M University) was established in Canyon.
- 1910 - The county's population reached over 8,000 residents.
- 1928 - The current Randall County Courthouse was built in downtown Canyon.
- 1954 - Palo Duro State Park was created, covering a large area in the county.
- 1984 - The Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum in Canyon became the largest history museum in Texas.
- 2000 - The population of Randall County surpassed 100,000 residents.
- 2019 - The county experienced rapid growth, becoming one of the fastest-growing counties in Texas.