State Antiquities Landmark

Panola County Jail

Carthage Texas
Significance:
jail ( Panola County Jail (Old). Public to private. )

Jurisdiction:
Panola County Historical and Genealogical Association

State Antiquities Landmarks (SALs) are designated by the Texas Historical Commission (THC) and receive legal protection under the Antiquities Code of Texas (the Code). The Code defines all cultural resources on non-federal public lands in the State of Texas as eligible to be designated as SALs. Historic buildings and other aboveground historic resources must be listed in the National Register of Historic Places before they can be designated as SALs, but archeological sites do not have the same prerequisite.

SAL designation does not mean that sites or buildings cannot be altered or destroyed. The land-owning agency must consult with the THC about such proposed actions through the permit process, and the THC will determine whether the work will be allowed.

Buildings designated as SALs are listed in the Texas Historic Sites Atlas. However, information about designated archeological sites is not available to the general public to protect the sites from vandalism and destruction.

jails and prisons
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Texas random facts
Panola County, located in northeastern Texas, has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Caddo and Cherokee, who relied on the fertile lands and abundant wildlife for their sustenance. In the early 19th century, European-American settlers began to migrate into the region, establishing small farming communities and plantations.

The county was officially created in 1846 and named after a Native American word meaning "cotton." Cotton soon became the dominant crop in Panola County, and the economy thrived with the expansion of plantations and the arrival of the railroad in the late 19th century. Many enslaved people were brought to the county to work on these plantations, forming a significant part of the county's population.

During the Civil War, the cotton industry suffered greatly as a result of the blockade imposed by Union forces. Panola County saw its fair share of struggles and battles, with the county divided in its loyalties between the Confederacy and the Union. Reconstruction after the war brought further challenges, including economic difficulties and social tensions.

In the early 20th century, the discovery of oil brought a significant economic boom to Panola County. Numerous oil fields were developed, attracting a surge of workers and investment to the area. While the oil industry has remained a vital part of the county's economy, diversification has also taken place, including the development of timber and agriculture sectors.

Today, Panola County is known for its natural beauty, historical landmarks, and strong sense of community. With a mix of small towns and rural areas, the county offers a blend of history, culture, and outdoor recreational opportunities for residents and visitors alike.

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Panola County, Texas.

  • 1836 - Panola County is formed from parts of Harrison and Shelby Counties.
  • 1837 - Carthage is established as the county seat.
  • Late 1830s - Settlements are established in the area by pioneers.
  • 1846 - The Texas Legislature incorporates Carthage.
  • Late 1840s - Agriculture becomes a major industry in the county.
  • 1861-1865 - Panola County residents serve in the Confederate Army during the Civil War.
  • Early 1900s - The discovery of oil leads to economic growth in the county.
  • 1930s - The Great Depression brings economic challenges to Panola County.
  • 1960s - Civil rights movements advocate for equal rights in the county.
  • 2000s - Panola County experiences growth in industries such as energy and healthcare.