Historical Marker

Mills County Courthouse

Historical marker location:
1011 Fourth St, Goldthwaite, Texas
( Courthouse, 1011 Fourth Street)
Marker installed: 2002
Marker size: Medallion & Plate

Mills County Courthouse

Mills County was formed in 1887, and citizens built a county jail in Goldthwaite the following year. In 1889, Goldthwaite was chosen county seat, and Oscar Ruffini designed the first courthouse; it served at this site from 1890 through 1912, when it was destroyed by fire. The county hired noted San Antonio architect Henry T. Phelps to design this courthouse, completed in 1913 by the Gordon-Jones Construction Company. Phelps chose the Classical Revival style for the three-story structure with basement, using a rectangular form, a central, ornamental pediment and fluted, engaged columns.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2002

As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.

law courthouses buildings
Audiobooks about the history of Texas.
The world's first rodeo was held in Pecos, Texas in 1883. The event included bronco riding, calf roping, and bull riding.
Texas random facts
Mills County, located in central Texas, has a rich history dating back to the prehistoric era. Archeological evidence suggests that Native American tribes inhabited the region as early as 10,000 BCE. The Tonkawa and Lipan Apache tribes were among the original indigenous groups to settle in the area. However, with the arrival of European settlers in the 19th century, their way of life was dramatically altered.

In 1854, Mills County was officially established by the Texas legislature and named after John T. Mills, a lawyer and soldier who fought in the Texas Revolution. The county's development was primarily driven by agriculture, with cotton becoming the dominant crop. The arrival of the railroad in the late 1800s further boosted the local economy, enabling the transportation of goods and facilitating trade.

With its rich soil and favorable climate, Mills County prospered throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries. However, like many rural areas during this time, it faced challenges such as droughts, economic downturns, and the Great Depression. These hardships impacted the county's agricultural sector and led to a decline in population.

Despite these challenges, Mills County has maintained its unique character and close-knit community throughout the years. Today, it is known for its beautiful landscapes, historic sites, and outdoor recreational opportunities. The county continues to be influenced by its agricultural heritage while embracing the modern era, making it an interesting and dynamic place to live and visit.

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Mills County, Texas.

  • 1837 - Mills County is established and named after Texas Governor Branch Tanner Archer.
  • 1849 - Gold is discovered in the county, leading to a short-lived gold rush.
  • 1854 - Mills County becomes a part of the newly formed Brown County.
  • 1876 - Mills County is reestablished as an independent county.
  • 1880 - The county seat is established in Goldthwaite.
  • 1920s - The oil industry has a significant impact on the local economy.
  • 1947 - Mills County celebrates its centennial.
  • 1965 - A severe flood causes significant damage to the county.
  • 1990s - The county experiences economic growth due to an increase in tourism.
  • 2018 - Mills County celebrates its 181st anniversary.