Historical Marker

Alsatians of Texas

Historical marker location:
Castroville, Texas
( Houston Square, Castroville.)
Marker installed: 1985
Marker size: 27" x 42"

In 1842, Empresario Henry Castro brought his first colonists to Texas to settle land west of the Medina River. Most of the immigrants were from the Rhine River area of Europe. Many claimed the province of Alsace, on the border of France and Germany, as their homeland. The Alsatian colonists brought with them their combined French and German heritage, which has left a distinctive mark on this area of the state. In 1844, Castro laid out a townsite, which the settlers chose to name Castroville. It became the center of Alsatian culture in Texas. The houses, European in style, are primarily single-story dwellings of cut limestone, mortared with adobe, and white-washed. Over the years, farming has been the major occupation of people in the area, as it was in Alsace. The Alsatian immigrants and their descendants have made a distinct impression on area politics, holiday customs, cusine, and religion. Winemaking, using grapes grown along the Medina River, is another early tradition that has continued over the years. The history of Alsatians in Texas is a reflection of ethnic and cultural diversity in the state's rich heritage. (1985)

As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.

immigration Alsatian immigrants colonization
Audiobooks about the history of Texas.
The state flower of Texas is the bluebonnet. The flower blooms in the spring and is a common sight along the highways and in fields throughout the state.
Texas random facts
Medina County, Texas, located in the southern part of the state, has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Coahuiltecan and Lipan Apache, who lived off the land and traded with neighboring tribes.

In the 17th century, Spanish explorers arrived in the region, claiming the land for Spain. The Spanish established missions in the area to convert the Native Americans to Christianity and to further their control over the territory. One of the most notable missions was Mission San Francisco de la Espada, which still stands today and is a popular tourist attraction.

During the 19th century, the area that is now Medina County became a part of the Republic of Texas after it gained independence from Mexico. As more settlers moved into the area, the town of Castroville was founded in 1844 by colonists led by Henri Castro. The town became a major hub for German immigrants, and their influence can still be seen today in the town's architecture and cultural heritage.

Over the years, Medina County has experienced significant economic growth and development. The discovery of oil in the early 20th century led to an oil boom in the area, and agriculture has also played a significant role in the county's economy, with cattle ranching and crop farming being major industries.

Today, Medina County is a thriving community that celebrates its rich history and diverse cultural heritage. Visitors can explore the area's historical sites, such as the missions and historic downtown areas, while also enjoying the natural beauty of the surrounding countryside.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Medina County, Texas.

  • 1841 - Medina County is established as a county in the Republic of Texas.
  • 1842 - Castroville, the county seat, is founded by Henri Castro.
  • 1846 - Medina County becomes part of the United States after the annexation of Texas.
  • 1850 - D'Hanis, another town within Medina County, is settled.
  • 1856 - Hondo is founded and becomes the new county seat.
  • 1861-1865 - During the Civil War, Medina County supports the Confederacy.
  • 1881 - The International-Great Northern Railroad is completed, boosting economic development.
  • 1917-1918 - Many Medina County residents serve in World War I.
  • 1920s-1930s - The Great Depression causes economic hardship in the county.
  • 1942-1945 - World War II leads to changes in the local economy and military service.
  • 1953 - Medina Lake is created with the construction of Medina Dam.
  • 1998 - The historic Medina County Courthouse is restored after a fire severely damages it.