Gonzales County Courthouse

Gonzales, Texas

Built in 1896 in Romanesque Revival architectual style by architect J. Riely Gordon by contractor Otto P. Kroeger.

The Gonzales County Courthouse, designed by J. Riely Gordon in the Romanesque Revival style, was constructed in 1896. The building is cruciform in plan with four semicircular entrance bays filling in the four corners of the cross. The two main entrance bays have open Roman arcades at the first level and open galleries with colonnades at the second topped by wide limestone bands and open brick parapets. Limestone stringcourses divide the stories. One circular bay at the rear has its second story treated as a piano nobile with very tall, round arched windows, each with three lights. The windows in the rest of the building are of the one-over-one double-hung sash type, grouped with piers or columns marking the divisions and given various treatments including flat lintels, Roman arches, and Gothic arches. The walls of the structure are of red brick with cast concrete trim molded and painted to appear as stone. The raised basement walls are made of rusticated limestone. Covering the building is a red tile, hip roof surmounted by a central tower. The tower is square in plan and is flanked by four open cupolas with colonnades and stilted domes. Each side of the tower has three narrow Gothic windows, and the four clocks of the tower have transparent faces superimposed over the brick archivolts of the windows and limestone cornice. The corners of the cornice boast four gargoyle water spouts. An open colonnade belvedere with a pyramidal red tile roof crowns the tower.

-Remodeled in 1958.Original slate and tin roofs were replaced with Spanish tile.1996-John Volz preparing plans for full exterior restoration.- ISTEA Grant - Repairing and replacing the roof; rebuilding gutters and downspouts; repairing and replacing the d

Current status: Active Courthouse

The Texas Historical Commission's (THC) nationally recognized and award-winning Texas Historic Courthouse Preservation Program (THCPP) has turned around the trend of disrepair and begun restoring these treasured historic landmarks. Texas has more historic courthouses than any other state. Today more than 240 courthouses still stand that are least 50 years old. About 80 were built before the turn of the 20th century. By the end of that century, most of these structures were significantly deteriorated due to inadequate maintenance, insensitive modifications or weather related damage. The Texas Historical Commission (THC) documented the condition of 50 of the state’s oldest courthouses in the late 1990s and determined that counties lacked the resources to preserve the buildings for future generations.

The first oil well in the United States was drilled in Texas in 1859. The discovery of oil transformed the economy of the state and helped to make Texas one of the wealthiest states in the nation.
Gonzales County, Texas, has a rich history dating back to its settlement in the early 1820s. The area was part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas until the Texas Revolution in 1836, when the Battle of Gonzales became a pivotal moment in the fight for independence. The battle, often referred to as the "Lexington of Texas," was fought due to a demand by Mexican authorities for the return of a cannon given to the settlers to protect against Native American raids. This refusal to comply with the orders of the Mexican government marked the beginning of the Texas Revolution.

Following the Texas Revolution and the establishment of the Republic of Texas, Gonzales County played a vital role in the formation of the new state. The town of Gonzales became the capital of DeWitt County and remained a prominent center for trade and agriculture. The 1850s brought an influx of German immigrants to the area, who brought with them their agricultural expertise and helped to further develop the county's economy.

During the Civil War, Gonzales County primarily sided with the Confederacy, and many residents served in the Confederate Army. After the war, the county faced a period of reconstruction and struggled with political and economic challenges. However, through the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the discovery of oil and the expansion of the cattle industry brought renewed growth and prosperity to Gonzales County.

Today, Gonzales County remains a vibrant community with a mix of agriculture, oil and gas production, and diverse industries. The county is also known for its rich cultural heritage, including historical sites and the annual reenactment of the Battle of Gonzales. The county's history is celebrated and preserved through museums, historical markers, and the pride of its residents in their shared past.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Gonzales County, Texas.

  • 1834 - Gonzales County established as a municipality of Mexico
  • 1835 - "Come and Take It" cannon skirmish occurs in Gonzales, marking the start of the Texas Revolution
  • 1836 - Texas gains independence from Mexico; Gonzales County becomes part of the Republic of Texas
  • 1846 - Texas becomes a state, and Gonzales County remains a political subdivision
  • 1861-1865 - Gonzales County residents participate in the American Civil War
  • 1878 - The Gonzales Inquirer, the oldest continuously published weekly newspaper in Texas, is established
  • 1887 - Gonzales County Courthouse is built
  • 1891 - The Harwood and Gonzales Railway connects Gonzales to the Texas railway network
  • 1905 - Oil is discovered in Gonzales County, leading to an economic boom
  • 1936 - The Gonzales Warm Springs Rehabilitation Center, now the J.B. Wells Park, opens as a medical facility for polio patients
  • 1949 - The Gonzales Memorial Museum is established to preserve local history
  • 1967 - The Gonzales State School opens to serve individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities
  • 1988 - The Confederate Soldiers Monument is erected in the Gonzales Memorial Museum