Majestic Theatre

1925 Elm St., Dallas, TX
Dallas' Majestic Theatre stands today as a reminder not only of the city's architectural heritage but also of its social and cultural past. A classic example of the once prominent, opulent movie palace that is all too quickly disappearing, the Majestic's physical quality reflects cultural preferences that no longer exist. The present structure was built to replace an earlier Majestic that had been built in 1905 but had burned. The first building had been one of four original theatres that would later grow into the great chain known as Interstate Theatres. The new Majestic cornerstone was placed on 18 October 1920 and the theatre celebrated its opening night on 11 April 1921.
Karl Hoblitzelle (1879-1967) was the main force behind the Majestic, as well as the entire Interstate group. Hoblitzelle was instrumental in the organization of Interstate Amusements in 1905. This chain acted as a link for entertainers traveling between the east and west coasts. Originally he did not wish to be actively involved in the operation and took over reluctantly when his backing was required. By 1906 he had become president. It was his intention to bring good clean entertainment to the people of the southwest and vaudeville was his medium. Concerned with the potentially questionable, risque nature of vaudeville, Hoblitzelle personally screened each act. If the act could not be altered to meet certain standards of respectability, it was discarded. It was in the interest of the corporation and its president to provide entertainment for the entire family. Safety, comfort, and courtesy were stressed by the patron; "Dedicated to community service" was the motto. When movies became part of the entertainment package, it was his practice to show films of diverse viewpoints if he felt they were beneficial to the public.

Hoblitzelle was a pioneer in the theatre industry. His were the first theatres in the southwest to install air-conditioning and they were the first to be wired for the new sound films. Hoblitzelle was also an innovator in the use of earphones in the seats for the hard-of-hearing, crying rooms where mothers could take their children and continue to watch the show and "kiddie" seats so that children could see better. Also known as a philanthropist, throughout his life he was involved in operations beneficial not only to the community but also to the nation. He worked for the establishment of a Texas Rural Development Commission to help Texas farmers through rural planning. With a $250,000 gift, he founded and helped fund the Texas State Research Foundation. During WWI he went to Washington to assist the Red Cross in organizing entertainment programs for hospitals. His contributions aided the Southwestern Medical Foundation, Southern Methodist University, and the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts. During and after WWII Hoblitzelle was awarded for his activities during the conflict.

In 1930 Hoblitzelle sold his group to RKO (Radio-Keith-Orpheum) and Paramount Pictures. Intending to retire, he took his wife on a tour of Europe. As it became apparent that neither company was able to maintain the chain due to financial problems caused by the depression, he decided to return home and repossess the organization. By doing so, he saved the jobs of many of his associates and employees.

Originally, the bill was for seven acts of vaudeville twice daily, but in 1925 with the increasing influence of the film industry, motion pictures were added to the fare. Until the mid-30s, films supplemented live entertainment. But vaudeville was dying out and movies became the chief source of entertainment. The Majestic was known as the "action house" for it was here that movies of an adventurous nature were most often shown in Dallas. In 1949, a serious attempt was made to revive vaudeville at the theatre. This endeavor was not successful and eventually, the theatre again offered only movies. In 1951, the Interstate organization was once more sold to Paramount, but the Majestic was not included when the one hundred and sixty-five theatres changed hands. It remained in the possession of the Hoblitzelle Foundation. Movies were shown at the Majestic until it closed in July 1973. After three years of negotiation, the theatre was given to the City of Dallas on 28 October 1976.

The list of theatrical, musical, vaudeville, and motion picture stars that have performed on the Majestic stage is impressive. The opening night performance was given by the "incomparable" ballerina, Olga Petrova. At that time, telegrams of congratulations were sent by Gloria Swanson, William S. Hart, and Dorothy Gish. Mae West per- formed there, as did the comedians Jack Benny, Burns & Allen, Milton Berle, and Bob Hope. The magicians Houdini, Blackwell, and Thurston astounded audiences with their sleight of hand and mystifying routines. Ginger Rogers started her career at the Majestic. Duke Ellington's and Cab Calloway's bands, as well as John Wayne, James Stewart and Joan Crawford made appearances at the theatre.

The history of the Majestic Theatre is colorful and the structure essentially represents the entertainment industry at its height of glamour and romance in the 1930s and 1940s. It stands as a memorial to Karl Hoblitizelle, a prominent figure who established a respectable social and cultural center for Dallas' citizens and to its architect, John Eberson, who was to become the principal architect for the Interstate chain.
Bibliography
Dallas, Texas. City of Dallas. Gary Waggner, Chairman, "Stanford Research Institute Report for the City Council Committee for a Downtown Performing Arts Center," January 1974.

Dallas, Texas. Dallas Public Library. Texas Collection.

Dallas, Texas. Dallas Times Herald. Majestic Theater Files.

Dallas, Texas. Majestic Theater. Scrapbook of newspaper clippings pertaining to Interstate Theaters.

Mullen, Donald C. The Development of the Playhouse. Berkely and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1970
Local significance of the building:
Entertainment/recreation; Architecture

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.

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Texas is also home to the world's largest honky-tonk, Billy Bob's Texas in Fort Worth. The venue covers three acres and can hold up to 6,000 people.
Dallas County, located in northern Texas, has a rich history that has contributed to its growth and significance. Here is a concise summary of its historical journey:

Established in 1846, Dallas County played a crucial role in the development of North Texas. The county's namesake, George Mifflin Dallas, was the Vice President of the United States at the time. The city of Dallas, the county seat, quickly emerged as a center for trade and commerce due to its strategic location along major transportation routes.

During the late 19th century, Dallas County experienced rapid economic growth driven by industries such as cotton, railroads, and cattle. The city of Dallas became a major hub for cotton trading, attracting business and establishing itself as a prominent financial center in the Southwest.

In the 20th century, Dallas County continued to evolve and diversify its economy. The discovery of oil in the nearby East Texas Oil Field in the early 1900s led to the development of the oil industry in the region, contributing to the county's prosperity. The county also played a significant role in the aerospace industry, hosting the headquarters of major aerospace companies and contributing to the growth of aviation technology.

Dallas County's cultural landscape reflects its vibrant and diverse population. The county is home to a wide range of cultural institutions, including museums, art galleries, theaters, and music venues. Dallas County also played a notable role in the civil rights movement, with important milestones in the fight for equality and integration.

Today, Dallas County stands as a major economic and cultural center. It boasts a robust economy supported by various industries, including finance, technology, healthcare, and telecommunications. The county is known for its thriving arts scene, professional sports teams, and diverse culinary offerings.

With its rich history, economic vitality, and cultural significance, Dallas County continues to shape North Texas as a dynamic and influential region.

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Dallas County, Texas.

  • Pre-19th Century: The area was originally inhabited by various indigenous tribes, including the Caddo, Wichita, and Comanche.

  • 1839: Dallas County was officially established and named after George Mifflin Dallas, the Vice President of the United States under President James K. Polk.

  • Mid-19th Century: Dallas County experienced significant growth with the establishment of Dallas as a trading post and the arrival of settlers drawn by the opportunities in trade and agriculture.

  • Late 1800s: The county prospered with the expansion of railroads, particularly the Texas and Pacific Railway and the Houston and Texas Central Railroad, which solidified Dallas as a major transportation hub.

  • Early 20th Century: Dallas County saw a surge in economic development and urbanization. Industries such as oil, cotton, banking, and manufacturing fueled the city's growth.

  • 1960s: Dallas County gained national attention due to its role in the civil rights movement. The city of Dallas was the site of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963.

  • Late 20th Century: Dallas County continued to experience rapid growth and diversification, becoming a major center for business, finance, and telecommunications. The county is known for its vibrant arts and cultural scene, including the Dallas Arts District.

  • Today, Dallas County is the second-most populous county in Texas and home to the city of Dallas, a thriving metropolitan area.