Hamilton Park Community
Historical marker location:
Located ten miles north of downtown Dallas, the African American community of
Hamilton Park began as the White Rock Farming Settlement. In the 1940s and
1950s, racial violence in the South Dallas community of Queen City and the
discriminatory displacement of African American residents for the new Love
Field Municipal Airport resulted in the need for many of these families to move
outside of the downtown area. In response, Jerome Crossman, a local oilman,
compelled the Dallas Citizens' Interracial Association (DCIA) to locate land in
North Dallas for the project and consulted philanthropist Karl S.J. Hoblitzelle
for funding. On February 13, 1953, the Hoblitzelle Foundation lent DCIA funds
to purchase acreage to address the housing shortage of African Americans.
Named for Dr. Richard Theodore Hamilton, an influential voice in the African
American Equality movement in Dallas, the Hamilton Park Community was the first
African American suburban development in Dallas. Intentionally planned in two
phases with the segregated twelve-grade school at the center and each street
named for prominent African American individuals and institutions, the
community officially opened in 1954. By 1958, many homes built near the school
were complete and middle-class families began to move in with the community
complete by 1961 with 741 single-family homes. In addition to the school, the
community included three churches, a shopping center, and park, complete with a
swimming pool, tennis court, basketball court, pavilion and playground. Since
the 1950s, the Hamilton Park Civic League has served the community residents,
connecting them with City of Dallas resources, encouraging voter registration
and turnout, and planning community events. This sense of community and pride
among residents helps preserve the Heritage and Legacy of the original
homeowners. (2016)
As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.
The first oil well in the United States was drilled in Texas in 1859. The discovery of oil transformed the economy of the state and helped to make Texas one of the wealthiest states in the nation.
Established in 1846, Dallas County played a crucial role in the development of North Texas. The county's namesake, George Mifflin Dallas, was the Vice President of the United States at the time. The city of Dallas, the county seat, quickly emerged as a center for trade and commerce due to its strategic location along major transportation routes.
During the late 19th century, Dallas County experienced rapid economic growth driven by industries such as cotton, railroads, and cattle. The city of Dallas became a major hub for cotton trading, attracting business and establishing itself as a prominent financial center in the Southwest.
In the 20th century, Dallas County continued to evolve and diversify its economy. The discovery of oil in the nearby East Texas Oil Field in the early 1900s led to the development of the oil industry in the region, contributing to the county's prosperity. The county also played a significant role in the aerospace industry, hosting the headquarters of major aerospace companies and contributing to the growth of aviation technology.
Dallas County's cultural landscape reflects its vibrant and diverse population. The county is home to a wide range of cultural institutions, including museums, art galleries, theaters, and music venues. Dallas County also played a notable role in the civil rights movement, with important milestones in the fight for equality and integration.
Today, Dallas County stands as a major economic and cultural center. It boasts a robust economy supported by various industries, including finance, technology, healthcare, and telecommunications. The county is known for its thriving arts scene, professional sports teams, and diverse culinary offerings.
With its rich history, economic vitality, and cultural significance, Dallas County continues to shape North Texas as a dynamic and influential region.
Dallas County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Dallas County, Texas.
Pre-19th Century: The area was originally inhabited by various indigenous tribes, including the Caddo, Wichita, and Comanche.
1839: Dallas County was officially established and named after George Mifflin Dallas, the Vice President of the United States under President James K. Polk.
Mid-19th Century: Dallas County experienced significant growth with the establishment of Dallas as a trading post and the arrival of settlers drawn by the opportunities in trade and agriculture.
Late 1800s: The county prospered with the expansion of railroads, particularly the Texas and Pacific Railway and the Houston and Texas Central Railroad, which solidified Dallas as a major transportation hub.
Early 20th Century: Dallas County saw a surge in economic development and urbanization. Industries such as oil, cotton, banking, and manufacturing fueled the city's growth.
1960s: Dallas County gained national attention due to its role in the civil rights movement. The city of Dallas was the site of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963.
Late 20th Century: Dallas County continued to experience rapid growth and diversification, becoming a major center for business, finance, and telecommunications. The county is known for its vibrant arts and cultural scene, including the Dallas Arts District.
Today, Dallas County is the second-most populous county in Texas and home to the city of Dallas, a thriving metropolitan area.