York County Courthouses

Historical marker location:
1 South Congress Street, York, South Carolina
( Marker is on South Congress Street (Business U.S. 321) just south of West Liberty Street (State Highway 161/5), on the right when traveling south.)
Marker installed: 2016

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The Gullah/Geechee people, who are descendants of enslaved Africans from the Lowcountry region of South Carolina and Georgia, have their own unique culture and language. The Gullah/Geechee language is a creole language that combines elements of English and African languages, and the Gullah/Geechee people have preserved many traditions and customs from their African ancestors, including basket weaving and storytelling.
York County, South Carolina, has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. Native American tribes, including the Catawba and Cherokee, inhabited the area long before European settlers arrived. In the late 1600s, the region became part of the Province of South Carolina, established by the English crown.

During the colonial period, York County was primarily rural, with settlers engaged in agriculture and trade. The area's location along the Catawba River played a crucial role in transportation and trade routes. As tensions escalated between the American colonies and Great Britain, York County saw significant activity during the Revolutionary War. Notably, the Battle of Huck's Defeat in 1780 took place in present-day York County, marking a pivotal point in the Southern Campaign.

After the war, the economy of York County continued to rely on agriculture, particularly cotton cultivation. The arrival of the railroad in the mid-19th century spurred economic growth and facilitated trade with neighboring regions. During this period, textile mills also began to emerge, driving industrialization and transforming the county's economy.

In the 20th century, York County experienced further growth and diversification. The establishment of Winthrop University in 1895 brought a focus on education and helped cultivate a thriving community. The county also became a hub for manufacturing and technology, attracting various industries and contributing to its economic development. Today, York County remains a vibrant region with a blend of historical heritage, natural beauty, and a diverse mix of industries.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of York County, South Carolina.

  • 1785 – York County is established as one of the original seven counties of South Carolina
  • 1823 – Yorkville, later known as York, becomes the county seat
  • 1861-1865 – York County is heavily impacted by the American Civil War
  • 1874 – The Yorkville Female College, later known as Winthrop University, is established in York
  • 1923 – The first paved road is built in York County
  • 1950s – The textile industry booms in the county, leading to significant population growth
  • 1960s – York County experiences significant civil rights movement activity
  • 1990 – Carowinds, a popular amusement park, opens on the border of York County and North Carolina
  • 2003 – The Catawba Indian Nation opens a casino in York County, contributing to its economic growth