National Register Listings in

Jasper County, South Carolina

Jasper County, located in the Lowcountry region of South Carolina, has a rich and diverse history that spans centuries. The area was originally home to Native American tribes, including the Yemassee and Cusabo peoples. In the early 18th century, European settlers, primarily of English and French descent, began to establish plantations along the Savannah River.

One significant event in the county's history was the development of the cotton industry in the 19th century. With the introduction of new agricultural technology and the use of enslaved labor, cotton production boomed, making Jasper County economically prosperous. The county's rivers, such as the Coosawhatchie and the Savannah, played a vital role in transporting cotton to markets and trade hubs.

During the American Civil War, Jasper County was a contested area as both Union and Confederate forces sought to control it. The Battle of Honey Hill, fought in November 1864, was a particularly notable engagement in which Union forces attempted to disrupt the Confederate supply lines. The outcome of the battle resulted in a strategic Confederate victory but also caused significant destruction to the county's infrastructure.

Throughout the 20th century, Jasper County experienced social and economic changes. The decline of the cotton industry and the shift towards other crops, such as soybeans and timber, affected the county's agricultural landscape. In recent years, the county has seen increased attention and growth due to its proximity to the coastal towns of Hilton Head Island and Beaufort, as well as the development of the Savannah River Site, a decommissioned nuclear facility that has been repurposed for alternative energy research.