John Craig House
Historical marker location:
Chesterfield, South Carolina
( Marker is at the intersection of East Main Street and Green Street, on the right when traveling west on East Main Street.)
Marker installed: 2009
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South Carolina was the site of the first battle of the Civil War. In April 1861, Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter, a federal fort located in Charleston Harbor. The bombardment lasted for 34 hours and resulted in the surrender of the fort to the Confederates.
About Chesterfield County
Chesterfield County Timeline
Chesterfield County, South Carolina has a rich and diverse history that spans hundreds of years. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Pee Dee and Cheraw tribes. European settlers arrived in the late 18th century, and the county was officially established in 1785. It was named in honor of Philip Dormer Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, a distinguished British statesman.
During the American Revolutionary War, Chesterfield County played a significant role. The Battle of Hanging Rock, which took place in 1780, was a key event. American patriots successfully defended the county against a British invasion force. The battle is still commemorated today with events and reenactments.
In the 19th century, Chesterfield County experienced an economic boom with the rise of the cotton industry. Large plantations were established, worked by enslaved African Americans. The county was also a major hub for tobacco production. The Civil War had a significant impact on the area, with many battles fought nearby, including the Battle of Rivers' Bridge in 1865.
In the early 20th century, Chesterfield County became more industrialized. Textile mills were built, providing employment opportunities for local residents. The county has since diversified its economy, with sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism playing important roles. Today, Chesterfield County is known for its scenic beauty, rich cultural heritage, and welcoming community.
During the American Revolutionary War, Chesterfield County played a significant role. The Battle of Hanging Rock, which took place in 1780, was a key event. American patriots successfully defended the county against a British invasion force. The battle is still commemorated today with events and reenactments.
In the 19th century, Chesterfield County experienced an economic boom with the rise of the cotton industry. Large plantations were established, worked by enslaved African Americans. The county was also a major hub for tobacco production. The Civil War had a significant impact on the area, with many battles fought nearby, including the Battle of Rivers' Bridge in 1865.
In the early 20th century, Chesterfield County became more industrialized. Textile mills were built, providing employment opportunities for local residents. The county has since diversified its economy, with sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism playing important roles. Today, Chesterfield County is known for its scenic beauty, rich cultural heritage, and welcoming community.
Chesterfield County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Chesterfield County, South Carolina.
- 1732 - Chesterfield County is established as the northeastern district of South Carolina.
- 1769 - The county is officially formed and named after the fourth Earl of Chesterfield, Philip Stanhope.
- 1781 - During the American Revolutionary War, Chesterfield County witnesses skirmishes between British and American forces.
- 1804 - Cheraw, the county seat, is incorporated as a town.
- 1861-1865 - Chesterfield County residents participate in the American Civil War, with many joining the Confederate Army.
- 1889 - The Chesterfield and Lancaster Railroad is completed, boosting trade and transportation in the county.
- 1910 - The county's population reaches its peak at over 37,000 residents.
- 1933 - Reynolds Colored High School is established, becoming one of the first high schools for African Americans in the state.
- 1968 - Chesterfield County's school system is integrated following national desegregation efforts.
- 1996 - The Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge is established, providing conservation and recreational opportunities.