Fairbury Public-Carnegie Library
a.k.a. NeHBS #JF04-22
601 7th St., Fairbury, NE Local significance of the building:Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
1881: Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, begins his philanthropic efforts in library construction by donating funds to build the Braddock Library in Pennsylvania.
1883: The first "Carnegie Library" is officially established in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie's birthplace. This library serves as a model for future Carnegie Libraries.
1886: Carnegie writes an article titled "Wealth," where he articulates his belief in philanthropy and the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society.
1889: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is established with the aim of funding the construction of libraries across the United States and other English-speaking countries.
1893: The first Carnegie Library in the United States, the Carnegie Library of Braddock in Pennsylvania, is opened to the public.
Late 1890s to early 1900s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries spreads rapidly throughout the United States and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The libraries are often designed by prominent architects and feature diverse architectural styles.
1901: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is founded as a philanthropic organization to manage and administer Andrew Carnegie's charitable projects, including the library program.
1902: Carnegie makes a significant endowment, donating $10 million to establish the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Institute includes a library, an art gallery, and a natural history museum.
1917: Andrew Carnegie dies, leaving a lasting legacy of philanthropy, including the establishment of thousands of libraries around the world.
1920s-1930s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries gradually slows down, and the focus shifts to maintaining and updating existing libraries to meet changing community needs.
Late 20th century to present: Many Carnegie Libraries undergo renovations, expansions, or repurposing to adapt to modern library services and technological advancements. Some continue to operate as public libraries, while others have been transformed into cultural centers, museums, community spaces, or educational institutions.
The Carnegie Libraries have left an indelible mark on the accessibility of knowledge and education. They remain a testament to Andrew Carnegie's belief in the power of libraries to uplift communities and provide opportunities for personal and intellectual growth.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
During the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, Nebraska suffered from severe drought and wind erosion, leading to significant damage to the state's agriculture industry.
The early settlers of Jefferson County were primarily of European descent and were drawn to the area due to its fertile soil and abundant natural resources. Agriculture quickly became the backbone of the local economy, with crops such as corn, wheat, and soybeans playing a vital role in the county's prosperity. Over time, the county witnessed the establishment of numerous farms and the growth of small rural communities.
In the late 19th century, Jefferson County experienced a period of rapid development and expansion. Railroads were constructed, which facilitated transportation and allowed for the efficient distribution of goods. The arrival of the railroad sparked the growth of towns like Fairbury, the county seat, as well as other smaller communities in the area. With the advent of the railroad, Jefferson County became a hub for commerce and trade, attracting new businesses and industries.
The early 20th century brought further advancements to Jefferson County, as modern conveniences like electricity and automobiles became increasingly accessible. The county saw the rise of industries such as manufacturing and retail, as well as the establishment of schools and hospitals to cater to the growing population. Despite the challenges posed by the Great Depression and other economic downturns, Jefferson County managed to persevere and adapt to changing times.
Today, Jefferson County remains a vibrant community deeply rooted in agriculture, while also embracing modern developments and diversifying its economy. The county continues to cherish its historical heritage, with various museums and landmarks showcasing the rich history that shaped its identity.
Jefferson County Timeline
This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Jefferson County, Nebraska.
- 1780s: Native American tribes, including the Omaha and Pawnee, inhabit the land that would become Jefferson County.
- 1803: The United States acquires the area as part of the Louisiana Purchase.
- 1854: Nebraska Territory is established, and the area that includes Jefferson County falls within its borders.
- 1856: Jefferson County is officially organized and named in honor of Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States.
- 1864: The city of Fairbury is founded in Jefferson County.
- 1871: The Burlington and Missouri River Railroad reaches Fairbury, spurring growth and development in the region.
- 1898: The Rock Island Railroad, later renamed the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, extends its line to Fairbury.
- 1920s: Agriculture becomes the main economic activity in Jefferson County, with crops like corn, soybeans, and wheat being cultivated.
- 1950s: Rural electrification brings modern amenities to the residents of Jefferson County.
- 1996: The Veterans Memorial Building, a historical structure in Fairbury, is added to the National Register of Historic Places.
- Present: Jefferson County continues to thrive as an agricultural community while preserving its rich history and natural beauty.