Masonic Temple Building
203 S. Washington St., Shelby, NC Local significance of the building:Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
During the Civil War, North Carolina was the second to last state to secede from the Union, doing so on May 20, 1861, and sending more soldiers to fight for the Confederacy than any other state.
In the early years, agriculture played a crucial role in the county's economy. The fertile soil and mild climate made it ideal for farming, leading to the growth of successful cotton and tobacco plantations. As the demand for these crops increased, so did the need for labor, resulting in the expansion of enslaved African American populations in the region.
During the American Civil War, Cleveland County experienced significant turmoil as it was situated in the border state of North Carolina. The county was at times occupied by both Union and Confederate forces, leading to destruction and constant insecurity for residents.
After the war, Cleveland County began to develop industries beyond agriculture. Textile mills, powered by the Broad River, emerged as major employers, drawing many workers from the rural areas. The cotton mills, along with the rise of the railroad, brought newfound economic opportunities and spurred the county's growth through the early 20th century.
Today, Cleveland County continues to be a thriving community with a mix of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and education. The county is known for its dedication to preserving its history, with several museums and historic sites showcasing its rich heritage.
Cleveland County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Cleveland County, North Carolina.
- 1762: Cleveland County is formed from portions of Lincoln County.
- 1774: The Tryon Courthouse is established as the county seat.
- 1841: The town of Shelby is founded and becomes the new county seat.
- 1861-1865: Cleveland County residents serve in the Confederate Army during the Civil War.
- 1884: The Carolina and Northwestern Railway is completed, enhancing transportation in the county.
- 1929: The Great Depression hits Cleveland County, leading to economic struggles for the area.
- 1941-1945: Many Cleveland County residents serve in World War II.
- 1951: Cleveland County Technical College opens, later evolving into Cleveland Community College.
- 1976: The Shelby Historic District is established, preserving the city's historic architecture.
- 1991: The Earl Scruggs Center, honoring the renowned banjo player, is opened in Shelby.
- 2019: Cleveland County celebrates its 257th anniversary since its formation.