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The Missouri State Penitentiary, located in Jefferson City, was once the oldest operating prison west of the Mississippi River. It opened in 1836 and closed in 2004.
About Ralls County
Ralls County Timeline
Ralls County, Missouri, located in the northeastern part of the state, has a rich history dating back to its earliest inhabitants. The region was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Illini, Missouri, and Osage peoples. European exploration and colonization began in the late 17th century, with French fur traders and explorers, including Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet, exploring the area.
In the early 19th century, Ralls County saw an influx of American settlers, mostly farmers and miners attracted by the fertile land and abundant lead mines. The county was officially established on November 16, 1820, named after Daniel Ralls, an early settler. Throughout the 19th century, Ralls County remained primarily agricultural, with farming and livestock raising as the main economic activities.
During the American Civil War, Ralls County had divided loyalties. While it was a predominantly Unionist area, it also had residents sympathetic to the Confederate cause. The county experienced skirmishes and guerrilla warfare, with both sides competing for control. The war brought significant changes to the area, including the establishment of railroads, which boosted trade and transportation.
In the 20th century, Ralls County continued to evolve, adapting to the changing times. Agriculture remained an important industry, while new businesses and industries developed. Today, Ralls County is known for its picturesque landscapes, historic sites, and outdoor recreational opportunities, such as fishing and hunting. The county's history is preserved and celebrated through various museums and events, allowing residents and visitors to appreciate its rich heritage.
In the early 19th century, Ralls County saw an influx of American settlers, mostly farmers and miners attracted by the fertile land and abundant lead mines. The county was officially established on November 16, 1820, named after Daniel Ralls, an early settler. Throughout the 19th century, Ralls County remained primarily agricultural, with farming and livestock raising as the main economic activities.
During the American Civil War, Ralls County had divided loyalties. While it was a predominantly Unionist area, it also had residents sympathetic to the Confederate cause. The county experienced skirmishes and guerrilla warfare, with both sides competing for control. The war brought significant changes to the area, including the establishment of railroads, which boosted trade and transportation.
In the 20th century, Ralls County continued to evolve, adapting to the changing times. Agriculture remained an important industry, while new businesses and industries developed. Today, Ralls County is known for its picturesque landscapes, historic sites, and outdoor recreational opportunities, such as fishing and hunting. The county's history is preserved and celebrated through various museums and events, allowing residents and visitors to appreciate its rich heritage.
Ralls County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Ralls County, Missouri.
- Ralls County, MO was established on November 16, 1820.
- In 1822, the first courthouse was built in a temporary location.
- By 1825, the county seat was designated as Perry, MO.
- In 1827, the first permanent courthouse was constructed in Perry.
- The city of Hannibal, located in Ralls County, was founded in 1819.
- In 1828, Hannibal became the seat of justice for Ralls County.
- In 1844, the second permanent courthouse was built in Hannibal.
- During the mid-19th century, Hannibal experienced rapid growth and became a major transportation hub on the Mississippi River.
- Several notable figures, including author Mark Twain, resided in Hannibal during this period.
- In 1875, the current courthouse building in Hannibal was constructed.
- Over the years, Ralls County has remained an important agricultural and industrial region in Missouri.