National Register Listing

Daviess County Courthouse

Public Sq., Gallatin, MO
Local significance of the building:
Architecture

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.

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Daviess County, Missouri has a rich and varied history dating back to its early settlement in the 1830s. The area was initially inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Ioway and Sac and Fox nations, who used the abundant natural resources for hunting and gathering purposes. In 1836, the county was officially established and named after Joseph Hamilton Daviess, an attorney and soldier who served in the War of 1812.

The county played a significant role in the westward expansion of the United States. The pioneers who arrived in Daviess County endured harsh conditions and worked hard to establish farms and communities. The construction of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad in the 1850s further facilitated growth and development in the region, providing a crucial transportation link between the East Coast and the western territories.

Daviess County was not without its challenges, as it became a major battleground during the Civil War. Confederate guerrillas, led by infamous figures such as Jesse James and William Quantrill, frequently raided the area. The Battle of Gallatin, fought in 1863, was a significant conflict that resulted in the Union Army taking control of the county.

In the years following the war, Daviess County experienced gradual economic development. Agriculture, particularly livestock and grain farming, became the backbone of the county's economy. The growth of small towns, such as Gallatin and Pattonsburg, brought services and infrastructure to the region. Today, Daviess County continues to thrive as a rural community with a strong agricultural tradition, while also providing a glimpse into its past through historic sites and landmarks.

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Daviess County, Missouri.

  • 1816: Daviess County established as a county in Missouri
  • 1837: County seat established in the town of Gallatin
  • 1860s: Daviess County becomes a battleground during the American Civil War
  • 1862: The Battle of Gallatin takes place, resulting in a Union victory
  • 1870s: Railroad construction through the county boosts economic development
  • 1881: The first courthouse in Gallatin is completed
  • 1926: Construction of the Shoal Creek Bridge, a notable historic landmark
  • 1937: The construction of Lock and Dam No. 29 on the Missouri River is completed
  • 1950s: The highway system is greatly improved, connecting Daviess County to surrounding areas
  • 1960s: Prominent archaeological discoveries of prehistoric Native American sites
  • 2000s: Growth in agriculture and tourism sectors contribute to the county's economy