Wadsworth-Longfellow House
Historical marker location:
487 Congress St., Portland, Maine
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Maine was the site of the first naval battle of the American Revolution: The first naval battle of the American Revolution was fought off the coast of Maine in 1775, when American forces captured a British schooner.
About Cumberland County
Cumberland County Timeline
Cumberland County, located in the state of Maine, has a rich history that dates back to prehistoric times. The land that now comprises Cumberland County was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, with the Wabanaki Confederacy being the most prominent. These tribes flourished on the fertile land and made use of its abundant natural resources.
The area was first explored by European voyagers in the early 17th century, with English captain Christopher Levett being one of the first to record his visit to the region in 1623. However, it wasn't until the late 17th century that permanent European settlements began to be established. In 1713, the Treaty of Portsmouth officially transferred the territory from France to England, solidifying the English presence in the area.
Cumberland County experienced significant growth in the 18th and 19th centuries, with Portland, the county seat, emerging as a major maritime trading hub. The city became an important port for shipbuilding and trade, thriving on industries such as fishing, lumber, and shipping. Notably, during the American Revolution, the county played a crucial role in supporting the war effort, supplying ships, sailors, and supplies to the Continental Army.
In the late 19th century, Cumberland County and the city of Portland underwent significant economic and social changes. The Industrial Revolution brought rapid industrialization to the region, leading to the growth of textile mills, factories, and other industries. Portland's prominence as a major seaport continued to attract immigrants, resulting in a diverse and vibrant population. Today, Cumberland County is known for its strong economy, beautiful coastal landscapes, and rich cultural heritage, making it a desirable place to live, work, and visit.
The area was first explored by European voyagers in the early 17th century, with English captain Christopher Levett being one of the first to record his visit to the region in 1623. However, it wasn't until the late 17th century that permanent European settlements began to be established. In 1713, the Treaty of Portsmouth officially transferred the territory from France to England, solidifying the English presence in the area.
Cumberland County experienced significant growth in the 18th and 19th centuries, with Portland, the county seat, emerging as a major maritime trading hub. The city became an important port for shipbuilding and trade, thriving on industries such as fishing, lumber, and shipping. Notably, during the American Revolution, the county played a crucial role in supporting the war effort, supplying ships, sailors, and supplies to the Continental Army.
In the late 19th century, Cumberland County and the city of Portland underwent significant economic and social changes. The Industrial Revolution brought rapid industrialization to the region, leading to the growth of textile mills, factories, and other industries. Portland's prominence as a major seaport continued to attract immigrants, resulting in a diverse and vibrant population. Today, Cumberland County is known for its strong economy, beautiful coastal landscapes, and rich cultural heritage, making it a desirable place to live, work, and visit.
Cumberland County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Cumberland County, Maine.
- 1760: Cumberland County is established in the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
- 1775-1783: Cumberland County residents actively participate in the American Revolutionary War.
- 1786: Cumberland County becomes part of the newly formed state of Maine.
- 1805: Portland is incorporated as Cumberland County's county seat.
- 1820: Maine becomes the 23rd state, and Cumberland County plays a significant role in the statehood process.
- 1849: The Cumberland and Oxford Canal is completed, connecting Portland with the Sebago Lake region.
- 1878: The Great Fire of Portland destroys much of the city, leading to significant reconstruction efforts.
- 1898: Portland becomes home to the Portland Museum of Art.
- 1951: The Maine Mall opens in South Portland, becoming the largest shopping center in the state.
- 1982: Cumberland County Civic Center (now Cross Insurance Arena) opens in Portland, hosting various events and sports teams.
- 2009: The Maine Red Claws, an NBA G League franchise, is established in Portland.