National Register Listings in
Essex County, Massachusetts

The famous poem "Paul Revere's Ride" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow tells the story of Paul Revere's legendary midnight ride from Boston to Lexington and Concord to warn the colonists of British troop movements. While the poem is a beloved part of American history, it contains many inaccuracies.

About Essex County

Essex County, located in northeastern Massachusetts, has a rich and diverse history that spans over four centuries. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Pawtucket and Naumkeag people, prior to European colonization. In the early 17th century, English colonists settled the region, establishing several towns, most notably Salem, which became a major port and center of trade.

During the late 17th century, Essex County experienced a dramatic event that would shape its history for centuries to come: the Salem Witch Trials. In 1692, a wave of hysteria swept through Salem, resulting in the execution of 20 individuals accused of witchcraft. This dark period is now remembered as one of the most infamous episodes in American history and has left a lasting impact on the county's cultural identity.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Essex County became a hub of economic activity and industrialization. The region's harbors facilitated trade and shipbuilding, while its rivers powered mills and factories. Cities like Lawrence and Lowell became major centers of textile manufacturing, attracting large numbers of immigrants seeking employment in the mills. This influx of diverse cultures has enriched Essex County's cultural heritage.

In the 20th century, Essex County continued to evolve and adapt to changing times. The decline of traditional industries led to a shift towards a more diversified economy, with an emphasis on healthcare, education, and technology. Today, Essex County remains an important part of the Greater Boston metropolitan area, with its towns and cities offering a blend of historical charm, natural beauty, and urban amenities.

Essex County Timeline

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Essex County, Massachusetts.

1629: The area that is now Essex County is settled by English colonists.
1643: Essex County is officially established as one of the three original counties in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1692: The infamous Salem Witch Trials take place in Essex County, leading to the execution of several individuals accused of witchcraft.
1700s: Essex County becomes a center for shipbuilding and maritime trade.
1775-1783: Essex County residents play a significant role in the American Revolutionary War, with many serving in the Continental Army.
1808: The Essex Merrimack Bridge, connecting Essex County with Merrimack, New Hampshire, is completed, facilitating trade.
1836: The city of Lawrence is incorporated, becoming one of the major industrial centers in Essex County.
1861-1865: Many residents of Essex County fight in the American Civil War, with some notable involvement in naval operations.
1908: The Great Chelsea Fire destroys parts of Chelsea, a city in Essex County, leading to advancements in fire safety regulations.
1965: Essex County Community College is established in Haverhill, providing higher education opportunities for local residents.
2004: Essex County Greenbelt Association is formed to preserve and protect open spaces and farmlands in the county.

National Register Listings in Essex County, Massachusetts

National Register Listings in
Essex County, Massachusetts