What are Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries are public libraries that were built with financial assistance from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. These libraries were funded by Carnegie's donations and were established across the United States and other countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who made a fortune in the steel industry during the late 19th century. He believed in the importance of education and donated a significant portion of his wealth to fund the construction of public libraries, known as Carnegie Libraries.

Why did Andrew Carnegie fund libraries?

Andrew Carnegie believed that access to knowledge and education was vital for individual and societal progress. He funded libraries as a way to provide free access to books and learning resources to communities, particularly those that lacked access to educational opportunities.

How many Carnegie Libraries were built?

Between 1883 and 1929, Carnegie's donations led to the construction of over 2,500 libraries worldwide. The majority of these libraries were built in the United States, with others in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

What was the process to receive funding for a Carnegie Library?

Communities seeking funding for a Carnegie Library had to submit a formal application to Carnegie's foundation, providing details about their need for a library, willingness to maintain the library, and plans for site selection and ongoing funding. Carnegie's foundation would then review the application and approve or deny the request.

What were the architectural features of Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries often featured neoclassical architectural styles, reflecting the prevailing design preferences of the time. Many were designed by prominent architects and showcased features like grand entrances, decorative facades, and large reading rooms with high ceilings and natural light.

Were all Carnegie Libraries the same?

While Carnegie Libraries shared the common purpose of providing public access to books and knowledge, their sizes and designs varied depending on the community's needs and available funding. Some libraries were smaller, single-room facilities, while others were larger, multi-story buildings.

Are Carnegie Libraries still in use today?

Many Carnegie Libraries are still in use today, serving as public libraries, community centers, museums, or other cultural institutions. Some have undergone renovations or expansions to accommodate modern needs, while others remain relatively unchanged.

Did Carnegie Libraries have any specific requirements or conditions?

Carnegie's donations often came with conditions. For example, communities were expected to provide a suitable site for the library, commit to maintaining the facility, and allocate a portion of their annual budget for library operations. Additionally, racial segregation was sometimes enforced in Carnegie Libraries, reflecting the social norms of the era.

What is the legacy of Carnegie Libraries?

The Carnegie Library initiative had a significant impact on public library development worldwide. It expanded access to education, promoted literacy, and served as a model for future library systems. The libraries continue to play a crucial role in communities by providing free access to knowledge and fostering a love of reading.

Historical Marker

Carnegie Library

Historical marker location:

Parsons, Kansas

( Marker is at the intersection of 17th Street and Broadway, on the right when traveling south on 17th Street.)

Constructed 1909

A brief timeline of the history of Carnegie Libraries

1881: Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, begins his philanthropic efforts in library construction by donating funds to build the Braddock Library in Pennsylvania.
1883: The first "Carnegie Library" is officially established in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie's birthplace. This library serves as a model for future Carnegie Libraries.
1886: Carnegie writes an article titled "Wealth," where he articulates his belief in philanthropy and the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society.
1889: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is established with the aim of funding the construction of libraries across the United States and other English-speaking countries.
1893: The first Carnegie Library in the United States, the Carnegie Library of Braddock in Pennsylvania, is opened to the public.
Late 1890s to early 1900s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries spreads rapidly throughout the United States and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The libraries are often designed by prominent architects and feature diverse architectural styles.
1901: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is founded as a philanthropic organization to manage and administer Andrew Carnegie's charitable projects, including the library program.
1902: Carnegie makes a significant endowment, donating $10 million to establish the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Institute includes a library, an art gallery, and a natural history museum.
1917: Andrew Carnegie dies, leaving a lasting legacy of philanthropy, including the establishment of thousands of libraries around the world.
1920s-1930s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries gradually slows down, and the focus shifts to maintaining and updating existing libraries to meet changing community needs.
Late 20th century to present: Many Carnegie Libraries undergo renovations, expansions, or repurposing to adapt to modern library services and technological advancements. Some continue to operate as public libraries, while others have been transformed into cultural centers, museums, community spaces, or educational institutions.

The Carnegie Libraries have left an indelible mark on the accessibility of knowledge and education. They remain a testament to Andrew Carnegie's belief in the power of libraries to uplift communities and provide opportunities for personal and intellectual growth.

Audiobooks about the history of Kansas.

Kansas was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which means "people of the south wind."

About Labette County

Labette County, Kansas, located in the southeastern part of the state, has a rich and vibrant history dating back to the mid-1800s. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Osage, Shawnee, and Potawatomi. European settlement began in the 1840s when pioneers began to establish farms along the Neosho River.

The county was officially organized in 1867 and named after the French fur trader Pierre La Bette. It quickly became an important center for trade and agriculture, attracting settlers looking for fertile land. The town of Oswego was established as the county seat, and it remains so to this day.

During the late 19th century, Labette County experienced significant growth and development. Railroads were built, connecting the county to larger cities, which helped to boost the local economy. The discovery of coal in the area also led to an increase in mining operations, further contributing to the county's prosperity.

In the early 20th century, Labette County faced challenges brought about by the Great Depression and the decline of the coal industry. However, the county persevered and diversified its economy, focusing on agriculture and manufacturing. Today, Labette County is known for its productive farming industry, including crops such as corn, soybeans, and wheat. The county also boasts several manufacturing facilities that produce various goods.

Labette County's history is characterized by a strong sense of community and resilience. Despite economic ups and downs, the county remains an important agricultural and industrial hub in Kansas, with a rich heritage that is celebrated and cherished by its residents.

Labette County Timeline

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Labette County, Kansas.

1867 - Labette County established as a county in Kansas.
1870 - The first permanent settlers arrive in what is now Labette County.
1871 - Neosho River Bridge is built, improving transportation in the area.
1873 - The first newspaper, "The Oswego Independent," is published in Oswego.
1875 - The first courthouse is built in Oswego.
1876 - Neosho County is formed from a portion of Labette County.
1881 - Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway is completed, boosting the local economy.
1884 - Pittsburg & Gulf Railroad is built through Labette County.
1904 - The Kansas City Southern Railway acquires the Pittsburg & Gulf Railroad.
1926 - Route 66 is established, running through Labette County.
1944 - The Fairview Lift Bridge is completed, providing a link across the Neosho River.
1968 - The County Historical Society is established to preserve Labette County's history.
1977 - The Oswego Museum opens its doors to the public.
1985 - Labette Community College is established in Parsons.
2001 - The Labette County Historical Society Museum is opened to showcase local artifacts.