United States Post Office and Court House
a.k.a. Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse
201 North Vermilion St., Danville, IL Local significance of the building:Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 2016.
1775: The Second Continental Congress establishes the Constitutional Post to provide postal services in the thirteen American colonies. Benjamin Franklin is appointed as the first Postmaster General.
1792: The Postal Service Act is passed, officially establishing the United States Postal Service as a federal agency. It sets the foundation for the organization and regulation of postal operations.
1847: The introduction of prepaid adhesive postage stamps revolutionizes mail delivery, simplifying the process and promoting efficiency.
1860: The Pony Express, a fast mail delivery service, is launched to transport mail between the eastern and western regions of the United States. It becomes famous for its daring riders and swift delivery.
1863: Free city delivery is introduced, allowing mail to be delivered directly to urban households and businesses rather than being picked up from local post offices.
1864: The Postal Money Order system is established, providing a secure way for people to send money through the mail.
1896: Rural Free Delivery (RFD) is implemented, bringing mail delivery to rural areas for the first time. This service significantly improves communication and connects rural communities to the rest of the country.
1971: The United States Postal Service is reorganized as an independent agency within the federal government, operating as the USPS. It is no longer directly controlled by the Postmaster General.
1974: The USPS introduces the ZIP (Zone Improvement Plan) Code system, which assigns unique codes to geographic areas to improve mail sorting and delivery efficiency.
1997: The USPS launches its website, usps.com, providing online access to postal services, tracking, and information.
2001: Following the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the USPS faces security challenges and undergoes significant changes to enhance mail screening and protection.
2013: The USPS announces the end of Saturday mail delivery for regular letters and reduces delivery to five days a week.
Present: The USPS continues to be a vital service, handling billions of pieces of mail annually and adapting to changes in technology, communication, and the shipping industry. It plays a crucial role in connecting people, facilitating commerce, and serving as a backbone of the American communication infrastructure.
This timeline provides an overview of key milestones in the history of the USPS, which has played a crucial role in facilitating communication and connecting communities throughout the United States for over two centuries.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
Illinois is the birthplace of several famous people, including former U.S. President Ronald Reagan, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Enrico Fermi, and writer Ernest Hemingway.
The county's location along the Wabash River played a significant role in its early development. The river served as a crucial transportation route, enabling trade and communication with neighboring communities. Additionally, the presence of coal and mineral-rich lands led to the rapid growth of the mining industry in the mid-19th century. This further fueled the county's economic expansion and attracted settlers from around the country.
The county witnessed its fair share of historical events during the Civil War era. Many residents enlisted in the Union Army, contributing to the war effort. Vermilion County also served as a stop on the Underground Railroad, with several stations providing shelter and assistance to escaped slaves seeking freedom.
As the 20th century began, Vermilion County experienced significant industrial growth. The area became known for its manufacturing and agriculture sectors, which produced a variety of goods, including farm equipment, textiles, and food products. The county's largest city, Danville, became a hub for manufacturing and commerce, contributing to the region's economic prosperity.
Today, Vermilion County remains an important agricultural and industrial center in Illinois. The area's historical significance, natural beauty, and vibrant community continue to attract visitors and residents alike, making it a place with a proud heritage and promising future.
Vermilion County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Vermilion County, Illinois.
- 1819 - Vermilion County is established by the Illinois General Assembly.
- 1826 - The first permanent settlement, known as Franklin, is established.
- 1830 - Danville is founded and becomes the county seat.
- 1851 - Completion of the Wabash and Erie Canal boosts economic development in the county.
- 1861-1865 - Vermilion County contributes to the Union war effort during the American Civil War.
- 1870s - The coal mining industry experiences rapid growth in Vermilion County.
- 1942-1945 - World War II leads to increased industrial production and employment in the county.
- 1972 - The Vermilion County Museum is established to preserve local history.
- 1990s - The decline of coal mining impacts the economy of Vermilion County.
- 2000 - The Kickapoo State Park is opened, providing recreational opportunities for residents and visitors.
- Present - Vermilion County continues to focus on diversifying its economy and promoting tourism.