Old Governor's Mansion
a.k.a. Executive Mansion
120 S. Clark St., Milledgeville, GA Local significance of the building:Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1970.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
The famous Coca-Cola soft drink was invented in Georgia in 1886 by pharmacist John Pemberton.
During the early years, agriculture played a significant role in Baldwin County's economy. Cotton plantations were widespread, and enslaved Africans were forced to work in the fields. The county experienced growth and prosperity, attracting more settlers and establishing the city of Milledgeville as its county seat in 1807. Milledgeville served as the capital of Georgia from 1804 to 1868.
In the mid-19th century, Baldwin County played a significant role during the Civil War. The county saw extensive action, including multiple battles and skirmishes, as Union and Confederate forces clashed throughout the region. Many buildings in Milledgeville were used as hospitals and barracks. After the war, Baldwin County experienced a period of reconstruction and recovery, with the economy shifting towards industries such as textiles and manufacturing.
Throughout the 20th century, Baldwin County continued to develop and evolve. The construction of highways and railroads opened up new opportunities for growth and commerce. Education also played a crucial role in the county's development, with the establishment of Georgia College in Milledgeville in 1889. Today, Baldwin County remains a vibrant community, combining its historical legacy with modern amenities and a thriving local economy.
Baldwin County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Baldwin County, Georgia.
- 1803: Baldwin County is established by the Georgia General Assembly.
- 1807: Milledgeville is designated as the county seat of Baldwin County.
- 1811: The county courthouse in Milledgeville is completed.
- 1825: Baldwin County is divided to create Bibb County.
- 1841: The Central State Hospital is established in Milledgeville.
- 1864: During the American Civil War, Milledgeville is briefly occupied by Union troops.
- 1868: Baldwin County's courthouse is destroyed in a fire.
- 1871: Construction of a new courthouse in Milledgeville is completed.
- 1906: The Georgia State Sanitarium is opened in Milledgeville.
- 1980: The Georgia Department of Corrections opens the Baldwin State Prison in Milledgeville.
- 1997: Baldwin County celebrates its bicentennial.