Cross County, Arkansas

Cross County, located in northeastern Arkansas, has a rich history that spans several centuries. The area was initially inhabited by Native American tribes, such as the Osage and Quapaw, who utilized the region's fertile lands for fishing, hunting, and farming. European exploration of the area began in the 17th century, and French trappers and traders were among the first to establish contact with the native inhabitants.

In the early 19th century, Cross County was part of the Arkansas Territory, and the region began to attract settlers looking for fertile lands for agriculture. The county was officially established on November 15, 1862, during the American Civil War. Named after Confederate Colonel David C. Cross, the county's early economy was primarily based on agriculture, with cotton becoming a major cash crop.

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Cross County experienced significant growth, thanks to the expansion of railroads and improved transportation links. This development led to the growth of towns like Wynne, the county seat, and the establishment of numerous small communities throughout the county. The county's economy continued to rely on agriculture, although diversification occurred with the introduction of timber and lumber industries.

In the mid-20th century, Cross County, like many other rural areas in the South, faced considerable challenges brought on by changing agricultural practices and the overall decline of the agricultural industry. However, the county has continued to adapt and evolve, attracting new industries and businesses. Today, Cross County is a mix of agricultural, industrial, and commercial activities, offering its residents a blend of rural charm and economic opportunities.
Brief timeline of the history of Cross County, Arkansas:

  • 1800s: Native American tribes, including the Caddo and Quapaw, inhabit the area that is now Cross County.
  • 1838: Government surveys indicate that settlement is beginning in what would become Cross County.
  • 1850: The Cross Roads community is established as a trading post.
  • 1862: Cross County is officially established by the Arkansas General Assembly.
  • 1864: The Battle of Fitzhugh's Woods takes place, where Union and Confederate forces clash during the Civil War.
  • 1873: The county seat is moved from Wittsburg to the newly established city of Crossville.
  • 1886: Wynne becomes the new county seat.
  • 1920s: Agriculture becomes the primary industry in Cross County, with cotton being the main cash crop.
  • 1930s: The Great Depression brings economic hardship to Cross County, with the agricultural industry suffering.
  • 1980: The construction of Interstate 40 brings increased accessibility and economic growth to Cross County.
  • Present: Cross County continues to be an agricultural community while also experiencing some industrial and commercial development.

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Cross County, Arkansas.

Audiobooks about the history of Arkansas.