National Register Listing

Roanoke Downtown Historic District

Roughly bounded by 3rd St., Norfolk Ave., Jefferson St., and Bullitt Ave., Roanoke (Independent City), VA
Local significance of the district:
Architecture; Commerce; Politics/government

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.

The first Thanksgiving in North America was celebrated in Virginia in 1619, a year before the Pilgrims celebrated their first Thanksgiving in Massachusetts.
Virginia random facts
Roanoke County, Virginia has a rich history that dates back to the time of Native American settlements. The region was initially inhabited by the Roanoke tribe, who called themselves the Wiyot. In the 16th century, European explorers, including the infamous Sir Walter Raleigh, began to set foot in the area. It was during one of Raleigh's expeditions that he established the first English colony on Roanoke Island, just off the coast of what is now North Carolina. However, this colony famously vanished, giving rise to the legend of the "Lost Colony."

In the 18th century, as European settlers expanded westward, the area that is now Roanoke County became an important crossroads for trade. The Great Wagon Road, stretching from Philadelphia to the southern colonies, passed through the county, bringing economic opportunities and a diverse population. The region's abundant natural resources, including timber and waterways, attracted industries such as milling and ironworks, further contributing to its growth.

The 19th century brought significant changes to Roanoke County. The arrival of the railroad in the 1850s was a game-changer, transforming the county into a major transportation hub. With easy access to markets, industries such as textiles and tobacco flourished. The county's population continued to grow, and in 1838, the town of Salem was incorporated within its borders.

In the 20th century, Roanoke County experienced further development and urbanization. The city of Roanoke, which became independent from the county in 1884, saw the rise of industries like railroad construction and manufacturing. The area became known for its railroad yards and textile mills. Today, Roanoke County is home to a diverse economy, encompassing sectors such as healthcare, technology, and education. It offers a blend of natural beauty, historical sites, and modern amenities, attracting visitors and residents alike.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Roanoke County, Virginia.

  • 1838: Roanoke County is established in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
  • 1872: The town of Salem is incorporated within Roanoke County.
  • 1881: The Shenandoah Valley Railroad is extended to Roanoke, sparking economic growth in the county.
  • 1884: Roanoke County's first public school, Cave Spring Academy, is established.
  • 1942: The United States Army Air Corps opens the Roanoke Army Air Base in the county.
  • 1950s: Roanoke County experiences suburbanization and population growth.
  • 1968: The town of Vinton is incorporated within Roanoke County.
  • 1984: Roanoke County Economic Development Authority is formed to promote business growth.
  • 2001: The town of Vinton becomes an independent city, separating from Roanoke County.
  • 2004: Roanoke County celebrates its 175th anniversary.