Idaho

Idaho is what America was.
Bernard DeVoto in The Hour: A Cocktail Manifesto
Located in the western United States, Idaho's history is shaped by its Native American inhabitants, primarily the Shoshone and Nez Perce tribes. The region was explored by Lewis and Clark in the early 19th century, eventually becoming part of the Oregon Trail and witnessing a rush of settlers during the mid-1800s Gold Rush. Idaho's status as a territory was established in 1863, and it gained statehood in 1890. Agriculture, mining, and logging played pivotal roles in its development, while the early 20th century saw the rise of labor and mining conflicts. Today, Idaho is known for its natural beauty, outdoor recreational opportunities, and diverse economy encompassing agriculture, technology, and tourism.
Brief timeline of the history of the state of Idaho:

  • Early 19th century: Various Native American tribes, including the Nez Perce, Shoshone, Bannock, and Coeur d'Alene, inhabit the region now known as Idaho.

  • Early 1800s: European fur trappers, including members of the Hudson's Bay Company and American mountain men, explore and trap in the Idaho territory.

  • 1805: The Lewis and Clark Expedition, led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, passes through the region, documenting the area's geography and encountering Native American tribes.

  • 1836: Missionaries Henry Spalding and Marcus Whitman establish a mission near present-day Lapwai, Idaho, as part of efforts to convert Native Americans to Christianity.

  • 1846: The Oregon Treaty between the United States and Great Britain establishes the boundary between the Oregon Territory and British North America (now Canada) at the 49th parallel, effectively placing present-day Idaho within U.S. territory.

  • 1860: Gold is discovered in Pierce, Idaho, sparking a gold rush and attracting miners to the region.

  • 1863: Idaho Territory is established by an act of the United States Congress, encompassing present-day Idaho, Montana, and parts of Wyoming and Nevada. Lewiston becomes the first territorial capital.

  • Late 19th century: Idaho experiences rapid population growth and development, driven by mining, logging, and the arrival of the railroad.

  • 1890: Idaho is admitted as the 43rd state of the United States on July 3.

  • Early 20th century: Idaho's economy diversifies, with the growth of agriculture, including potatoes, wheat, and other crops. The state also experiences political and social changes, including labor movements and women's suffrage.

  • 1941-1945: Idaho plays a significant role in World War II, hosting several military installations, including the Mountain Home Air Force Base and the Farragut Naval Training Station.

  • Present: Idaho is known for its natural beauty, including scenic landscapes, mountains, and rivers, making it a popular destination for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and fishing. Agriculture and technology sectors contribute to the state's economy.