Historic Courthouse

Refugio County Courthouse

Refugio, Texas

Built in 1840.

Stone, converted church.

Current status: demolished

The Texas Historical Commission's (THC) nationally recognized and award-winning Texas Historic Courthouse Preservation Program (THCPP) has turned around the trend of disrepair and begun restoring these treasured historic landmarks. Texas has more historic courthouses than any other state. Today more than 240 courthouses still stand that are least 50 years old. About 80 were built before the turn of the 20th century. By the end of that century, most of these structures were significantly deteriorated due to inadequate maintenance, insensitive modifications or weather related damage. The Texas Historical Commission (THC) documented the condition of 50 of the state’s oldest courthouses in the late 1990s and determined that counties lacked the resources to preserve the buildings for future generations.

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The Texas Rangers, a famous law enforcement agency, were first organized in 1835 to protect settlers from Native American attacks.
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Refugio County, located in the coastal bend region of Texas, has a rich history that dates back to the early 18th century. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Karankawa and Coahuiltecan groups. Spanish explorers, such as Alonso de Leon, first arrived in the area in the late 17th century, establishing missions in the region.

In 1795, the area that is now Refugio County became part of the Spanish territory of Texas. The small community of Refugio was founded in 1832, and it quickly became an important center for trade and politics in the region. During the Texas Revolution in 1836, Refugio was a strategic location, and it played a significant role in the battle for Texas independence. The famous Battle of Refugio took place here, where the Texian soldiers fought against Mexican forces.

Following the Texas Revolution, Refugio County grew steadily as more settlers arrived in the area. The discovery of oil and gas in the early 20th century brought economic prosperity to the county. Refugio's population continued to grow, and the town became a hub for agriculture, ranching, and oil-related industries. The county also played a part in World War II, with the establishment of the Tynan Army Airfield and the construction of an air training base.

Today, Refugio County retains its rich history and charm. Visitors can explore historical sites like the Old Refugio County Jail and the Refugio County Museum, which showcase the area's past. The county is also known for its natural beauty, with areas like the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge and the Copano Bay State Fishing Pier providing opportunities for outdoor activities. With its long and fascinating history, Refugio County continues to be a vibrant community in South Texas.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Refugio County, Texas.

  • 1795 - Spanish land grants are issued in the area that is now Refugio County
  • 1828 - The Mexican government grants a land certificate to a group of eleven empresarios, including James Power and James Hewetson, who establish a colony in the area
  • 1836 - The Battle of Refugio takes place during the Texas Revolution
  • 1837 - Refugio County is officially established by the Republic of Texas
  • 1844 - The first courthouse is built in Refugio County
  • 1854 - The town of Refugio becomes the county seat of Refugio County
  • 1858 - The county courthouse burns down and is replaced with a new one
  • 1922 - The discovery of oil leads to an economic boom in Refugio County
  • 1936 - The current courthouse in Refugio is completed
  • 1940s-1950s - The County experiences a decline in population due to the effects of World War II and increased mechanization in agriculture
  • 1970s-1980s - The construction of the nearby South Texas Nuclear Project brings economic growth to the county
  • 2008 - Hurricane Ike causes extensive damage to Refugio County