Historical Marker

XIT General Office

Historical marker location:
517 Railroad Ave, Channing, Texas
( 517 Railroad Avenue, Channing)
Marker installed: 1994
Marker size: 16" x 12"

Built in 1898-99 to house the general offices of the 3,000,000-acre XIT Ranch, this building also served as the residence of the ranch's general manager. Five railroad cars of bricks were brought in to construct the house, which features Victorian-era detailing in its decorative brackets and turned wood columns. Designed to impress visitors to the ranch, the building's Victorian elements distinguished it from the surrounding ranching environment.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark, 1964

As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.

ranching buildings
The world's first rodeo was held in Pecos, Texas in 1883. The event included bronco riding, calf roping, and bull riding.
Texas random facts
Hartley County, TX is located in the panhandle region of the state. It was originally home to Native American tribes, including the Apache and Comanche. In the 19th century, the area was settled by pioneers and ranchers drawn to the vast open plains and rich grasslands.

The county was officially organized in 1891 and named after Oliver Cromwell Hartley, a Confederate lawyer and legislator. In the early years, cattle ranching was the primary economic activity, and the county's population remained relatively small. However, with the arrival of the railroad in the early 1900s, Hartley County experienced a period of growth and development.

Oil was discovered in the county in the 1920s, leading to a significant economic boom. The oil industry became a key driver of the local economy, attracting new residents and businesses. The county's population continued to increase throughout the 20th century, reaching its peak in the 1950s.

Today, Hartley County remains primarily rural, with ranching and oil production still important industries. The county is known for its beautiful landscapes and wide-open spaces, attracting visitors who wish to experience the area's natural beauty. Despite its small population, the county has a strong sense of community and a rich history that is celebrated by its residents.

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Hartley County, Texas.

  • 1876 - Hartley County is officially established by the Texas legislature.
  • Late 1800s - Ranching becomes the primary industry in Hartley County.
  • 1900 - The town of Hartley is established as the county seat.
  • 1901 - The Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway reaches Hartley County, leading to increased settlement and economic growth.
  • 1920s - The discovery of oil in surrounding counties brings oil drilling activity to Hartley County.
  • 1930s - The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl have a significant impact on the county, causing economic hardship and forcing many residents to leave.
  • 1950s - The construction of the Sanford Dam on the Canadian River creates Lake Meredith, providing recreational opportunities for Hartley County residents.
  • 1963 - The town of Dalhart becomes the second incorporated city in Hartley County.
  • 1970s - Agriculture remains a major industry, with farming and cattle ranching being the main economic activities.
  • 1990s - The county experiences population growth due to the expansion of agricultural operations and increased oil production.