San Jacinto Battlefield
22 mi. E of Houston on TX 134, Houston, TXThe San Jacinto Battlefield, located near Houston in Harris County, Texas, holds immense historical significance as the site of the decisive Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, during the Texas Revolution. This battle marked a turning point in Texas history, as Texian forces, led by General Sam Houston, achieved a stunning victory over Mexican forces commanded by General Antonio López de Santa Anna. The Texians' victory secured Texas' independence from Mexico, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Texas just a few weeks later.
The battlefield itself spans a significant area along the marshy banks of the San Jacinto River and encompasses historical markers, monuments, and the towering San Jacinto Monument and Museum. The San Jacinto Monument, standing at 570 feet, commemorates the Texian victory and is one of the tallest masonry columns in the world. Visitors can explore the battlefield grounds, which have been preserved to honor those who fought and died there and learn about the events that shaped Texas' history.
The Battle of San Jacinto not only secured Texas' independence but also had far-reaching consequences for the broader history of the United States and Mexico. It remains a symbol of Texian resilience and determination, celebrated annually during San Jacinto Day on April 21st. The San Jacinto Battlefield continues to be a place of reflection and remembrance, drawing visitors from around the world to experience this pivotal moment in Texas' quest for freedom.
Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1966.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
Texas is known for its barbecue, and one of the most famous barbecue restaurants in the state is Kreuz Market in Lockhart. The restaurant has been in operation since 1900 and is still family-owned.
During the 19th and 20th centuries, Harris County experienced rapid economic diversification and growth. The discovery of oil in the Spindletop field fueled Houston's emergence as an energy and petrochemical hub. Industries like cotton, lumber, shipping, and manufacturing thrived. NASA's Johnson Space Center further solidified the county's significance in space exploration and technology.
Harris County's demographic diversity is a defining aspect, attracting immigrants from various backgrounds. Houston became a cosmopolitan city with a vibrant culinary scene, dynamic arts community, and diverse festivals, reflecting its multicultural fabric.
Today, Harris County remains an influential economic and cultural center. Its strong economy spans energy, healthcare, technology, and international trade. The county houses renowned medical facilities and research institutions. Despite facing natural disasters, Harris County showcases resilience and implements measures to mitigate their impact.
With its rich history, economic vitality, multiculturalism, and ongoing growth, Harris County continues to shape Texas as a thriving hub of commerce, culture, and innovation.
Harris County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Harris County, Texas.
Pre-19th Century: The region was inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Karankawa and Atakapa.
1822: Harrisburg, the county's first settlement, is founded by John Richardson Harris, a pioneer and one of the early Texas colonists.
1836: The Battle of San Jacinto, which secured Texas independence from Mexico, took place in present-day Harris County.
1837: Harris County is officially established and named after John Richardson Harris.
19th Century: Houston, the county seat and the largest city in Texas, experiences rapid growth due to its strategic location along Buffalo Bayou and the construction of railroads. The city becomes a major commercial and shipping hub, attracting industries such as cotton, lumber, and oil.
20th Century: The discovery of oil in the nearby Spindletop field and the subsequent growth of the oil industry greatly contribute to Harris County's economic development. Houston becomes an energy and petrochemical center.
1960s-1980s: The space industry plays a crucial role in Harris County's history with the establishment of NASA's Johnson Space Center, where mission control for the Apollo program is located.
Today: Harris County continues to be a thriving economic and cultural center. It is home to a diverse population, numerous industries, world-class medical facilities, and renowned cultural institutions.