Dallas Union Terminal
400 S. Houston St., Dallas, TXDuring the years prior to the construction of a passenger facility for all of Dallas! railroads, the city was served by nine lines using five depots. Preliminary studies for a single station began in 1906, leading to a proposal for two stations to accommodate all the railroads except the St. Louis Southwestern. The citizens of Dallas, which numbered 140,000, disapproved of this plan, and in 1912 the Union Terminal Company was organized to construct a single facility. Stock in the company was owned equally by the member railroads: the Gulf, Colorado, and Santa Fe; the Chicago, Rock Island & Gulf; the Missouri, Kansas, & Texas, St. Louis, San Francisco & Texas; the Houston & Texas Central; the St. Louis Southwestern; the Trinity & Brazos Valley; and the Texas & Pacific. The Texas & New Orleans Railroad also entered the terminal as a tenant line.
Mr. Jarvis Hunt of Chicago was commissioned as the architect for the project. The chief engineer of the Union Terminal Company was Mr. C. H. Dana, while Mr. F. D. Griffin was the engineer of outside construction. The engineer of buildings was Mr. W. P. Weathers, who worked in conjunction with Mr. J. W. Thompson of St. Louis, a general railroad contractor. Construction began in March 1914, and the terminal opened to passengers on October 8, 1916. An official opening was held six days later on the opening day of the State Fair of Texas in Dallas.
Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
Texas has been a major oil-producing state for over a century. The first big oil discovery in Texas was the Spindletop field near Beaumont in 1901, which set off a massive oil boom that transformed the state's economy and made Texas one of the wealthiest states in the country.
Established in 1846, Dallas County played a crucial role in the development of North Texas. The county's namesake, George Mifflin Dallas, was the Vice President of the United States at the time. The city of Dallas, the county seat, quickly emerged as a center for trade and commerce due to its strategic location along major transportation routes.
During the late 19th century, Dallas County experienced rapid economic growth driven by industries such as cotton, railroads, and cattle. The city of Dallas became a major hub for cotton trading, attracting business and establishing itself as a prominent financial center in the Southwest.
In the 20th century, Dallas County continued to evolve and diversify its economy. The discovery of oil in the nearby East Texas Oil Field in the early 1900s led to the development of the oil industry in the region, contributing to the county's prosperity. The county also played a significant role in the aerospace industry, hosting the headquarters of major aerospace companies and contributing to the growth of aviation technology.
Dallas County's cultural landscape reflects its vibrant and diverse population. The county is home to a wide range of cultural institutions, including museums, art galleries, theaters, and music venues. Dallas County also played a notable role in the civil rights movement, with important milestones in the fight for equality and integration.
Today, Dallas County stands as a major economic and cultural center. It boasts a robust economy supported by various industries, including finance, technology, healthcare, and telecommunications. The county is known for its thriving arts scene, professional sports teams, and diverse culinary offerings.
With its rich history, economic vitality, and cultural significance, Dallas County continues to shape North Texas as a dynamic and influential region.
Dallas County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Dallas County, Texas.
Pre-19th Century: The area was originally inhabited by various indigenous tribes, including the Caddo, Wichita, and Comanche.
1839: Dallas County was officially established and named after George Mifflin Dallas, the Vice President of the United States under President James K. Polk.
Mid-19th Century: Dallas County experienced significant growth with the establishment of Dallas as a trading post and the arrival of settlers drawn by the opportunities in trade and agriculture.
Late 1800s: The county prospered with the expansion of railroads, particularly the Texas and Pacific Railway and the Houston and Texas Central Railroad, which solidified Dallas as a major transportation hub.
Early 20th Century: Dallas County saw a surge in economic development and urbanization. Industries such as oil, cotton, banking, and manufacturing fueled the city's growth.
1960s: Dallas County gained national attention due to its role in the civil rights movement. The city of Dallas was the site of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963.
Late 20th Century: Dallas County continued to experience rapid growth and diversification, becoming a major center for business, finance, and telecommunications. The county is known for its vibrant arts and cultural scene, including the Dallas Arts District.
Today, Dallas County is the second-most populous county in Texas and home to the city of Dallas, a thriving metropolitan area.