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Fall River County is located in the southwestern corner of South Dakota and has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Cheyenne, Lakota Sioux, and Arapaho. These tribes relied on the natural resources of the region, such as water from the rivers and minerals from the Black Hills, to sustain their way of life.

The first European settlers arrived in the early 1870s, attracted by the discovery of gold in the Black Hills. Some settlers established mining camps in the county, hoping to strike it rich. However, the gold rush soon subsided, and many miners turned to agriculture and ranching to make a living. Ranching became an important industry in Fall River County, with cattle grazing on the vast grasslands.

In 1883, the county was officially organized and named after the Fall River, which runs through the region. The construction of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad in the late 19th century brought further growth and development to the area. Small towns sprung up along the railroad, providing services and goods to the residents of Fall River County.

Over the years, the county has faced challenges, including the devastating forest fires that swept through the area in the early 20th century. However, Fall River County has persevered and continues to thrive today. Its economy is diverse, with tourism, agriculture, and ranching being important contributors. The county boasts natural attractions such as Wind Cave National Park and the Hot Springs, which draw visitors from near and far. With its rich history and natural beauty, Fall River County remains a unique and vibrant part of South Dakota.