Butte County, South Dakota

Butte County, located in South Dakota, has a rich history dating back thousands of years. The region was inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne, who established communities along the Belle Fourche River. The tribes utilized the fertile land for hunting and gathering, and their presence in the area can be traced back to as early as 11,000 BCE.

European settlement in Butte County began in the mid-19th century when gold was discovered in the Black Hills. The area experienced a gold rush in the late 1870s, attracting thousands of prospectors. As a result, several mining camps and towns, such as Sturgis and Belle Fourche, were established within Butte County. The mining industry played a crucial role in the county's early development, attracting settlers who sought their fortune in gold.

In the late 19th century, as gold mining started to decline, agricultural activities began to flourish in Butte County. The fertile soil and favorable climate made it suitable for farming and ranching. This led to the establishment of family farms and ranches, primarily focusing on cattle and sheep. The agricultural sector became an integral part of the county's economy and continues to be a significant industry to this day.

Butte County also played a role in the construction of the railroads in the late 1800s. The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad extended through the county, connecting it with other parts of the state and facilitating the transportation of goods and people. This further contributed to the economic growth and development of Butte County, bringing more opportunities and ensuring its significance within the region.
Brief timeline of the history of Butte County, South Dakota:

  • 1877: Butte County is established on March 2, named after the prominent land formation in the area.
  • 1890: The city of Belle Fourche is incorporated as the county seat of Butte County.
  • 1906: Butte County experiences a major economic boom with the discovery of gold in the area.
  • 1920: The population of Butte County reaches its peak at around 10,000 residents due to the success of gold mining.
  • 1929: The stock market crash and the ensuing Great Depression lead to a significant decline in mining and economic activity in Butte County.
  • 1950s: Ranching and farming become the primary economic activities in Butte County, replacing the declining mining industry.
  • 1972: The Orman Dam is constructed on the Belle Fourche River, providing irrigation for agricultural purposes.
  • 2000: Butte County experiences a population decline, with many residents leaving in search of better job opportunities.
  • 2015: Butte County celebrates its 138th anniversary since its establishment.

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Butte County, South Dakota.