National Register Listing

Gravel Hill Plantation

SW of Allendale off U.S. 301, Allendale, SC
Local significance of the building:
Politics/government; Architecture; Religion

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.

The first successful English settlement in South Carolina was established in 1670 in what is now known as Charleston. The settlement was named Charles Towne in honor of King Charles II of England.
South Carolina random facts
Allendale County, located in the southern part of South Carolina, has a rich history that dates back to its establishment in 1919. The land that would later become Allendale County was originally inhabited by indigenous Native American tribes, including the Edisto and Savannah River tribes. European settlers began arriving in the area in the 1700s, bringing with them the institution of slavery.

During the Civil War, Allendale County played a significant role as a major producer of cotton. Many plantations thrived in the area, with enslaved African Americans comprising the majority of the workforce. After the war, these plantations were transformed into sharecropping farms, as many freed slaves remained in the county. The sharecropping system faced significant challenges, which led to widespread poverty and economic hardship for much of the population.

In the early 20th century, Allendale County saw a growing interest in civil rights activism. African American communities organized protests and boycotts, advocating for equal rights and an end to discrimination. One notable figure was Frank C. McCleod, a civil rights leader who fought for voter registration and equal education opportunities.

Today, Allendale County continues to face economic struggles, with high poverty rates and limited job opportunities. Efforts are being made to revitalize the local economy through initiatives such as promoting tourism, supporting local businesses, and investing in education and infrastructure. Despite the challenges, the county's rich history and resilient community shape its identity and provide hope for a better future.

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Allendale County, South Carolina.

  • Allendale County established in 1919
  • Previously part of Barnwell and Hampton Counties (1682-1919)
  • Originally inhabited by Native American tribes
  • European settlement begins in the early 18th century
  • Becomes a center for cotton cultivation in the early 19th century
  • Slavery prevalent during the antebellum period
  • Sherman's March during the Civil War affects the county (1865)
  • Reconstruction period follows (1865-1877)
  • African-Americans gain political power during Reconstruction
  • County experiences economic decline in the late 19th century
  • 20th century sees some revival in agriculture and industry
  • Allendale County Museum established in 1966
  • County faces social and economic challenges in recent decades