The Detection of the Neutrino, 1956 / The Nobel Prize In Physics, 1995

Aiken County, South Carolina has a rich and diverse history that spans centuries. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Cherokee and Creek, before European settlers arrived. The first European settlers were mainly of Scotch-Irish and English descent, and they were granted land in the region by the British in the mid-18th century.

The county is named after William Aiken, a prominent railroad executive and South Carolina governor in the mid-19th century. Aiken County played a significant role in the Civil War, with several major battles and skirmishes taking place in the area. The Battle of Aiken, fought in February 1865, was a significant Confederate victory that helped delay the advance of Union forces.

After the war, Aiken County's economy transformed from primarily agricultural to focus on other industries such as textiles and manufacturing. The city of Aiken became a popular winter retreat for wealthy northerners, who came for its mild climate and equestrian activities. This led to the growth of the city's affluent Winter Colony, which included prominent figures such as Thomas Hitchcock and William C. Whitney.

In the 20th century, Aiken County continued to develop and diversify its economy. The Savannah River Site, a nuclear reservation, was established in the 1950s and became a major employer in the region. Today, Aiken County boasts a thriving economy with a mix of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and tourism. The county also retains its rich equestrian heritage and is known for hosting prestigious equestrian events such as the Aiken Steeplechase and the Aiken Trials.