Historical Marker

Civil War Memorial

Historical marker location:
28 East Market Street, York, Pennsylvania
( Memorial is on East Market Street (Pennsylvania Route 462) just east of South George Street (Business Interstate 83), on the right when traveling east.)
Marker installed: 1937

  A brief timeline of the Civil War

  • April 12, 1861: The Civil War begins with the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, located in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor.

  • April 15, 1861: President Abraham Lincoln issues a call for 75,000 volunteers to serve in the Union Army to suppress the rebellion.

  • May 24, 1861: The first major land battle, known as the First Battle of Bull Run (or First Battle of Manassas), takes place in Virginia. It ends in Confederate victory.

  • September 17, 1862: The Battle of Antietam in Maryland becomes the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with heavy casualties on both sides. The Union forces, commanded by General George McClellan, manage to halt Confederate General Robert E. Lee's advance into Union territory.

  • January 1, 1863: President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that all slaves in Confederate-held territories are to be set free. However, the proclamation does not immediately free all slaves in the United States.

  • July 1-3, 1863: The Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania takes place, resulting in a significant Union victory and inflicting heavy casualties on Confederate forces. It marks a turning point in the war.

  • November 19, 1863: President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the principles of liberty, equality, and the preservation of the Union.

  • April 9, 1865: General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.

  • April 14, 1865: President Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.

  • May 10, 1865: Confederate President Jefferson Davis is captured, signaling the collapse of the Confederate government.

  • December 6, 1865: The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, officially abolishing slavery throughout the country.

While this timeline provides an overview of key events, it is important to note that the Civil War spanned over four years, from 1861 to 1865, and encompassed numerous battles, campaigns, and political developments that shaped the course of American history.

Pennsylvania was once home to a giant freshwater mussel called the Pennsylvania pigtoe, which is now considered endangered.
Pennsylvania random facts
York County, Pennsylvania has a rich history that dates back to its founding in 1749. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Susquehannocks and the Shawnees. European settlers began to arrive in the early 18th century, primarily of German and Scots-Irish descent. York County was named after York, England, and quickly became an important trading and transportation hub due to its location along the Susquehanna River.

During the American Revolution, York County played a significant role. In 1777, the Continental Congress temporarily moved to York, seeking a safe haven from the British forces occupying Philadelphia. The Articles of Confederation, the precursor to the U.S. Constitution, were drafted in York and later ratified in 1781. York County was also the site of the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which marked a turning point in the Civil War. Many historic buildings and landmarks associated with these events can still be found in the county today.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, industrialization transformed York County. The region became known for its manufacturing, especially in the production of agricultural products, automobiles, and textiles. One of the county's most famous companies is the York Barbell Company, which revolutionized the fitness industry with its weightlifting equipment. Many notable figures, including President John F. Kennedy and boxer Muhammad Ali, visited the company's headquarters. Today, York County is still home to a diverse range of manufacturing and industrial companies.

In recent decades, York County has experienced growth and development while also preserving its historical character. The county boasts numerous historic sites and museums, such as the York County History Center and the Agricultural & Industrial Museum, which provide glimpses into its past. Moreover, the charming town of York is renowned for its colonial architecture and hosts popular events like the York Fair, America's first fair. With a mix of historical significance, natural beauty, and modern amenities, York County continues to be an appealing destination for visitors and residents alike.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of York County, Pennsylvania.

  • 1749 - York County is formed from part of Lancaster County.
  • 1751 - The town of York is officially laid out and becomes the county seat.
  • 1777 - York serves as the temporary capital of the United States while Philadelphia is occupied by the British during the American Revolution.
  • 1800s - The county experiences significant industrial growth, particularly in the iron and railroad industries.
  • 1863 - During the Civil War, the Battle of Gettysburg takes place in neighboring Adams County, resulting in significant casualties in York County.
  • 1903 - The York Peppermint Pattie is invented in York, becoming a popular candy nationwide.
  • 1950s-1960s - York County experiences suburbanization and population growth, with many people moving to the area for employment opportunities.
  • 1973 - The Three Mile Island nuclear accident occurs just south of York County, leading to concerns about radiation exposure.
  • 2000s - The county continues to experience population growth and economic development, with a focus on healthcare, manufacturing, and tourism.