National Register Listing

Ohio and Erie Canal Southern Descent Historic District

Multiple, Ashville, OH
Local significance of the district:
Transportation; Engineering

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.

Ohio was the site of a major oil boom in the late 19th century, with oil wells producing millions of barrels of oil per year. The town of Lima, Ohio, became known as the "little giant of the oil industry" because of the large number of oil companies headquartered there.
Ohio random facts
Pickaway County, Ohio has a rich and vibrant history that stretches back centuries. The area was initially inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Shawnee and Wyandot people. In the late 18th century, European settlers began to arrive, attracted by the fertile land and abundant natural resources. The county was officially established in 1810 and derived its name from a Native American word meaning "clear water."

During the early years, agriculture played a crucial role in the county's development. The fertile soil allowed for successful farming, with crops such as corn, wheat, and tobacco becoming major products. The arrival of the Ohio and Erie Canal in the mid-19th century further stimulated economic growth by providing a transportation route for goods.

Pickaway County also played an essential role in the Underground Railroad, a network of secret routes and safe houses that helped escaped slaves find freedom in the North. Numerous abolitionists and sympathetic residents provided shelter and assistance to individuals seeking liberation. The county was a pivotal stop on the journey to Canada, where escaped slaves could live freely.

In more recent years, Pickaway County experienced industrial growth and modernization. The construction of the Scioto Valley Railroad in the late 19th century enabled the transportation of goods to larger markets. The county also became known for its manufacturing industry, including the production of farm equipment and textiles. Today, Pickaway County continues to thrive as a diverse community with a strong agricultural base, while also embracing advanced industries, vibrant arts and culture, and a commitment to preserving its historical heritage.

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Pickaway County, Ohio.

  • 1803: Pickaway County is established on March 1, 1803, as the 26th county in the state of Ohio.
  • 1810: The county seat is established in the town of Circleville.
  • 1825: The Ohio and Erie Canal is completed, bringing increased transportation and economic opportunities to Pickaway County.
  • 1850: The population of Pickaway County reaches over 20,000 as agriculture becomes a major industry.
  • 1861-1865: Many residents of Pickaway County serve in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
  • 1879: The Circleville Pumpkin Show, now one of the largest festivals in Ohio, is first held.
  • 1901: The first oil well is drilled in Pickaway County, leading to a boom in the oil industry.
  • 1929-1940: The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl impact the economy of Pickaway County, causing hardship for many residents.
  • 1995: The Pickaway County Airport is opened, providing improved air transportation options.
  • 2020: Pickaway County celebrates its 217th anniversary with a diverse economy and a growing population.