Chester American Revolutionary War Memorial
Historical marker location:1765: The Stamp Act is passed by the British Parliament, imposing a tax on American colonists for various printed materials. This sparks widespread protests and resistance among the colonists.
1770: The Boston Massacre occurs when British soldiers fire on a crowd of American colonists in Boston, resulting in the death of five colonists. The event further escalates tensions between the colonists and British authorities.
1773: The Boston Tea Party takes place as colonists, disguised as Native Americans, dump tea from British East India Company ships into Boston Harbor in protest against the Tea Act.
1774: The First Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia. Delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies gather to discuss grievances against British policies and plan a united response.
1775: The Battles of Lexington and Concord mark the beginning of armed conflict between British troops and American colonial militia. The "shot heard 'round the world" ignites the Revolutionary War.
1776: On July 4, the Second Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence, drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson. The document asserts the colonies' independence from Britain and outlines the principles of individual rights and self-government.
1777: The American victory at the Battle of Saratoga in New York proves to be a turning point in the war. It convinces the French to openly support the American cause and enter the war as allies.
1778: The Treaty of Alliance is signed between the United States and France, formalizing their military alliance. France provides crucial support to the American forces, including troops, naval assistance, and financial aid.
1781: The Siege of Yorktown takes place in Virginia, where combined American and French forces, led by General George Washington and French General Rochambeau, successfully trap British General Cornwallis and his troops. Cornwallis surrenders on October 19, effectively ending major hostilities in the Revolutionary War.
1783: The Treaty of Paris is signed, formally ending the American Revolutionary War. Great Britain recognizes the independence of the United States and establishes its boundaries. The treaty also grants fishing rights to American fishermen in the waters off Newfoundland and Nova Scotia.
1787: The Constitutional Convention convenes in Philadelphia to draft a new constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation, which proved ineffective in governing the newly independent nation.
1788: The United States Constitution is ratified by the required number of states and goes into effect. It establishes a strong federal government with separate branches and a system of checks and balances.
1789: George Washington is inaugurated as the first President of the United States, and the new federal government is established in New York City.
This timeline provides a general overview of the major events during the American Revolution, but it is important to note that there were numerous other battles, diplomatic negotiations, and developments that occurred during this period.
The state's motto "Live Free or Die" was adopted in 1945 and reflects New Hampshire's long-standing tradition of individualism and self-reliance.
In its early years, Rockingham County was primarily an agricultural region. Farming was a vital part of the economy, with crops like corn, wheat, and potatoes being grown. The county also had a thriving shipbuilding industry, taking advantage of its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. Along the coast, several small towns and fishing villages emerged, contributing to the county's growth.
During the American Revolutionary War, Rockingham County played a significant role. Exeter, one of its major towns, was temporarily the capital of New Hampshire and hosted the state's government meetings. Many local residents actively participated in the war effort, serving in the military or supporting the cause in various ways.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, Rockingham County experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization. The textile industry became prominent, with mills popping up along the region's rivers. The county's population boomed, and towns like Portsmouth, Derry, and Salem saw significant growth. Today, Rockingham County remains a thriving area, blending its historical roots with modern developments, making it a vibrant part of New Hampshire's cultural and economic landscape.
Rockingham County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Rockingham County, New Hampshire.
- 1623 - Captain John Mason receives a land grant for the area known as New Hampshire.
- 1629 - The first English settlement, known as Little Harbor, is established.
- 1641 - The area becomes part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
- 1679 - New Hampshire is separated from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and becomes its own province.
- Rockingham County is officially established, named after Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, in 1769.
- 1775-1783 - Rockingham County residents actively participate in the American Revolutionary War.
- 1816 - The Portsmouth Naval Shipyard is established in Kittery, Maine, but is located across the Piscataqua River from Rockingham County.
- 1903 - The Hampton Beach State Park is established.
- 1938 - The Great New England Hurricane causes significant damage to the county and other parts of New England.
- 1980 - The Seabrook Nuclear Power Plant begins commercial operations, generating controversy and public protests.