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Cleveland County, located in the western part of North Carolina, has a rich and diverse history that stretches back thousands of years. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Catawba and Cherokee peoples. European settlers began arriving in the late 18th century, with the county officially established in 1841.

In the early years, agriculture played a crucial role in the county's economy. The fertile soil and mild climate made it ideal for farming, leading to the growth of successful cotton and tobacco plantations. As the demand for these crops increased, so did the need for labor, resulting in the expansion of enslaved African American populations in the region.

During the American Civil War, Cleveland County experienced significant turmoil as it was situated in the border state of North Carolina. The county was at times occupied by both Union and Confederate forces, leading to destruction and constant insecurity for residents.

After the war, Cleveland County began to develop industries beyond agriculture. Textile mills, powered by the Broad River, emerged as major employers, drawing many workers from the rural areas. The cotton mills, along with the rise of the railroad, brought newfound economic opportunities and spurred the county's growth through the early 20th century.

Today, Cleveland County continues to be a thriving community with a mix of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and education. The county is known for its dedication to preserving its history, with several museums and historic sites showcasing its rich heritage.