Downtown Neosho Historic District

Newton County, Missouri, located in the southwestern part of the state, has a rich and diverse history that stretches back to prehistoric times. The area was originally home to Native American tribes such as the Osage, Delaware, and Shawnee. European settlement began in the early 19th century with the establishment of trading posts and forts.

In the mid-1800s, Newton County gained prominence as part of the frontier border between the United States and Native American territories. The county played a significant role in the infamous Trail of Tears, with many native tribes being forcibly removed from their ancestral lands and relocated westward. The Cherokee came to pass through Newton County on their journey to present-day Oklahoma, leaving a lasting impact on the region's history.

The Civil War also left a significant mark on Newton County. It witnessed several major battles, including the Battle of Newtonia in 1862 and the Battle of Carthage in 1861. Both Confederate and Union forces clashed in these engagements, leaving extensive damage and impacting the lives of local residents. Newton County became a vital supply route for Confederate troops and a site of sporadic guerrilla warfare throughout the war.

After the Civil War, Newton County experienced a period of rebuilding and growth. The county's economy thrived on agriculture, mining, and manufacturing, with the arrival of the railroad further promoting commercial development. The city of Joplin, located in Newton County, became a major mining hub, contributing immensely to the county's prosperity. Today, Newton County continues to evolve, blending its historical heritage with modern advancements, offering its residents and visitors a unique glimpse into Missouri's past.