Historical Marker

Civil War Entrenchments

Historical marker location:
900 North Benton Avenue, Springfield, Missouri
( Marker is on Drury Lane, on the left when traveling north.)

  A brief timeline of the Civil War

  • April 12, 1861: The Civil War begins with the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, located in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor.

  • April 15, 1861: President Abraham Lincoln issues a call for 75,000 volunteers to serve in the Union Army to suppress the rebellion.

  • May 24, 1861: The first major land battle, known as the First Battle of Bull Run (or First Battle of Manassas), takes place in Virginia. It ends in Confederate victory.

  • September 17, 1862: The Battle of Antietam in Maryland becomes the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with heavy casualties on both sides. The Union forces, commanded by General George McClellan, manage to halt Confederate General Robert E. Lee's advance into Union territory.

  • January 1, 1863: President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that all slaves in Confederate-held territories are to be set free. However, the proclamation does not immediately free all slaves in the United States.

  • July 1-3, 1863: The Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania takes place, resulting in a significant Union victory and inflicting heavy casualties on Confederate forces. It marks a turning point in the war.

  • November 19, 1863: President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the principles of liberty, equality, and the preservation of the Union.

  • April 9, 1865: General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.

  • April 14, 1865: President Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.

  • May 10, 1865: Confederate President Jefferson Davis is captured, signaling the collapse of the Confederate government.

  • December 6, 1865: The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, officially abolishing slavery throughout the country.

While this timeline provides an overview of key events, it is important to note that the Civil War spanned over four years, from 1861 to 1865, and encompassed numerous battles, campaigns, and political developments that shaped the course of American history.

The Pony Express, a mail delivery service that operated from 1860 to 1861, had a route that went through Missouri. The service used a network of riders and relay stations to transport mail from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California, in just 10 days.
Missouri random facts
Greene County, Missouri, situated in the southwest part of the state, has a rich history that dates back to the early 19th century. The region was originally inhabited by Osage Native Americans, but European settlers began to arrive in the late 1820s. In 1833, Greene County was established, named after American Revolutionary War hero Nathanael Greene.

During the mid-1800s, Greene County experienced rapid growth due to the expansion of the railroad system. This resulted in increased trade and commerce, and the county's population grew significantly. The county seat, Springfield, became a center for politics, education, and business, with notable establishments like Missouri State University being founded during this time.

Greene County played a significant role in the American Civil War. Springfield was the scene of numerous battles and skirmishes, as both Union and Confederate forces sought control of this strategically important region. The Battle of Wilson's Creek, fought just outside Springfield in 1861, was a major engagement that drew national attention.

In the decades that followed, Greene County continued to flourish. The discovery of lead and zinc deposits in the late 19th century fueled further economic growth and attracted mining operations to the area. Today, Greene County is known for its thriving economy, diverse culture, and rich historical heritage, making it an attractive place to live and visit.

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Greene County, Missouri.

  • 1833 - Greene County is established on January 2.
  • 1835 - The first courthouse is built in Springfield.
  • 1838 - Springfield becomes the county seat.
  • 1854 - The St. Louis-San Francisco Railway is incorporated.
  • 1861 - The American Civil War begins, and Greene County becomes a battleground.
  • 1865 - The Civil War ends, and the county begins to rebuild.
  • 1901 - The Frisco Building is constructed in Springfield, becoming the tallest building in Missouri at the time.
  • 1907 - The Springfield News-Leader newspaper is established.
  • 1910 - The Greene County Courthouse, the current courthouse, is built.
  • 1920 - The population of Greene County reaches over 80,000.
  • 1939 - The Wonders of Wildlife Museum and Aquarium opens in Springfield.
  • 1957 - Springfield College is renamed Drury College.
  • 1960 - The population of Greene County surpasses 150,000.
  • 1973 - Drury College becomes Drury University.
  • 1983 - Bass Pro Shops opens its flagship store in Springfield.
  • 2000 - The population of Greene County exceeds 240,000.
  • 2011 - The Joplin tornado, one of the deadliest tornadoes in U.S. history, affects Greene County.