Wellington Piano Case Company Building
54 Green St., Leominster, MA Local significance of the building:Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
The immigration of Czechs to America has a rich history that spans several centuries. Here is a brief timeline highlighting key moments in Czech immigration to America:
1848: The Revolutions of 1848 across Europe, including the Austrian Empire (which included Bohemia and Moravia), sparked political and social unrest. As a result, some Czechs sought political refuge in the United States.
1850s: The first significant wave of Czech immigration to the United States begins. Many Czechs, primarily from Bohemia and Moravia, settle in areas such as Texas, Wisconsin, and Illinois.
1862: The Homestead Act, which offered free land to settlers, attracts Czech immigrants to the American Midwest, particularly to farming communities in Iowa, Nebraska, and Kansas.
Late 19th to early 20th century: The peak period of Czech immigration to America. Economic opportunities and escape from political oppression and economic hardship in the Austro-Hungarian Empire drive large numbers of Czechs to emigrate. Many settle in urban areas like Chicago, New York City, and Cleveland, forming vibrant Czech-American communities.
1918: The creation of Czechoslovakia as an independent nation following World War I leads to a decrease in Czech immigration to the United States, as some Czechs choose to return to their homeland.
1930s to 1940s: The rise of Nazi Germany and subsequent occupation of Czechoslovakia during World War II prompt a new wave of Czech immigrants, including Jewish refugees fleeing persecution.
1948: The Communist Party takes control of Czechoslovakia in a coup, leading to further waves of Czech emigration to the United States as people seek political freedom and economic opportunities.
1968: The Prague Spring, a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia, is met with Soviet military intervention. In its aftermath, many Czech intellectuals, artists, and professionals leave the country, seeking asylum in the United States and other Western countries.
1989: The Velvet Revolution, a peaceful transition of power in Czechoslovakia, ushers in a new era of democracy and freedom. Czech immigration to the United States continues, although at a reduced rate compared to earlier waves.
Today, Czech Americans form a vibrant community in the United States, contributing to various fields such as arts, sciences, business, and politics. Their cultural heritage is celebrated through festivals, organizations, and Czech language schools throughout the country.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
The Massachusetts state flag features a Native American warrior holding a bow and arrow, with a star representing Massachusetts above his head. The state motto, "Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem" (By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty), appears on a blue ribbon beneath the shield.
During the American Revolution, Worcester County played a significant role. In 1774, the county hosted the Worcester Convention, a gathering of Massachusetts towns that denounced British colonial policies. The convention's resolutions helped pave the way for the adoption of the Declaration of Independence two years later. Throughout the war, the county provided soldiers and resources to the Continental Army, and several battles were fought in the region.
In the 19th century, Worcester County became an industrial powerhouse. The construction of the Blackstone Canal and the arrival of the railroad spurred economic growth. The county became a center for manufacturing, with industries such as textiles, machinery, and shoes flourishing. The city of Worcester, located in the heart of the county, became known as the "City of the Seven Hills" and was a hub of commerce and innovation.
In the 20th century, Worcester County continued to evolve, facing both challenges and opportunities. The Great Depression and the decline of manufacturing put a strain on the local economy, but the county rebounded in the post-World War II era. Today, Worcester County is known for its diverse economy, with sectors such as healthcare, education, and biotechnology driving growth. Its rich history, vibrant culture, and scenic landscapes make it a unique and beloved part of Massachusetts.
Worcester County Timeline
This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Worcester County, Massachusetts.
- 1662 - The town of Worcester is officially incorporated.
- 1713 - The town of Worcester becomes the county seat of newly-formed Worcester County.
- 1755 - The French and Indian War begins, leading to increased military activity in Worcester County.
- 1767 - Worcester County's population reaches approximately 15,000.
- 1781 - The town of Warren is incorporated as a separate town within Worcester County.
- 1793 - Worcester County's population exceeds 50,000.
- 1801 - The town of Athol is incorporated.
- 1835 - The town of Fitchburg is incorporated as a city.
- 1845 - The Blackstone Canal, connecting Worcester to Providence, Rhode Island, officially opens.
- 1868 - The town of Clinton is incorporated as a city.
- 1883 - Worcester County's population surpasses 150,000.
- 1905 - The city of Worcester is granted a city charter.
- 1938 - The Great New England Hurricane strikes Worcester County, causing significant damage.
- 1956 - The construction of the Massachusetts Turnpike begins, passing through Worcester County.
- 1978 - Worcester County's population reaches over 600,000.
- 1985 - The Worcester Common Outlets, a major shopping center, opens in Worcester.
- 2008 - The city of Worcester celebrates its 300th anniversary.