What are Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries are public libraries that were built with financial assistance from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. These libraries were funded by Carnegie's donations and were established across the United States and other countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who made a fortune in the steel industry during the late 19th century. He believed in the importance of education and donated a significant portion of his wealth to fund the construction of public libraries, known as Carnegie Libraries.

Why did Andrew Carnegie fund libraries?

Andrew Carnegie believed that access to knowledge and education was vital for individual and societal progress. He funded libraries as a way to provide free access to books and learning resources to communities, particularly those that lacked access to educational opportunities.

How many Carnegie Libraries were built?

Between 1883 and 1929, Carnegie's donations led to the construction of over 2,500 libraries worldwide. The majority of these libraries were built in the United States, with others in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

What was the process to receive funding for a Carnegie Library?

Communities seeking funding for a Carnegie Library had to submit a formal application to Carnegie's foundation, providing details about their need for a library, willingness to maintain the library, and plans for site selection and ongoing funding. Carnegie's foundation would then review the application and approve or deny the request.

What were the architectural features of Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries often featured neoclassical architectural styles, reflecting the prevailing design preferences of the time. Many were designed by prominent architects and showcased features like grand entrances, decorative facades, and large reading rooms with high ceilings and natural light.

Were all Carnegie Libraries the same?

While Carnegie Libraries shared the common purpose of providing public access to books and knowledge, their sizes and designs varied depending on the community's needs and available funding. Some libraries were smaller, single-room facilities, while others were larger, multi-story buildings.

Are Carnegie Libraries still in use today?

Many Carnegie Libraries are still in use today, serving as public libraries, community centers, museums, or other cultural institutions. Some have undergone renovations or expansions to accommodate modern needs, while others remain relatively unchanged.

Did Carnegie Libraries have any specific requirements or conditions?

Carnegie's donations often came with conditions. For example, communities were expected to provide a suitable site for the library, commit to maintaining the facility, and allocate a portion of their annual budget for library operations. Additionally, racial segregation was sometimes enforced in Carnegie Libraries, reflecting the social norms of the era.

What is the legacy of Carnegie Libraries?

The Carnegie Library initiative had a significant impact on public library development worldwide. It expanded access to education, promoted literacy, and served as a model for future library systems. The libraries continue to play a crucial role in communities by providing free access to knowledge and fostering a love of reading.

Historical Marker

Carnegie Library

Historical marker location:

264 Main Street, Halstead, Kansas

( Marker is at the intersection of Main Street and 3rd Street, on the left when traveling south on Main Street.)

Marker installed: 1917

A brief timeline of the history of Carnegie Libraries

1881: Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, begins his philanthropic efforts in library construction by donating funds to build the Braddock Library in Pennsylvania.
1883: The first "Carnegie Library" is officially established in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie's birthplace. This library serves as a model for future Carnegie Libraries.
1886: Carnegie writes an article titled "Wealth," where he articulates his belief in philanthropy and the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society.
1889: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is established with the aim of funding the construction of libraries across the United States and other English-speaking countries.
1893: The first Carnegie Library in the United States, the Carnegie Library of Braddock in Pennsylvania, is opened to the public.
Late 1890s to early 1900s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries spreads rapidly throughout the United States and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The libraries are often designed by prominent architects and feature diverse architectural styles.
1901: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is founded as a philanthropic organization to manage and administer Andrew Carnegie's charitable projects, including the library program.
1902: Carnegie makes a significant endowment, donating $10 million to establish the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Institute includes a library, an art gallery, and a natural history museum.
1917: Andrew Carnegie dies, leaving a lasting legacy of philanthropy, including the establishment of thousands of libraries around the world.
1920s-1930s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries gradually slows down, and the focus shifts to maintaining and updating existing libraries to meet changing community needs.
Late 20th century to present: Many Carnegie Libraries undergo renovations, expansions, or repurposing to adapt to modern library services and technological advancements. Some continue to operate as public libraries, while others have been transformed into cultural centers, museums, community spaces, or educational institutions.

The Carnegie Libraries have left an indelible mark on the accessibility of knowledge and education. They remain a testament to Andrew Carnegie's belief in the power of libraries to uplift communities and provide opportunities for personal and intellectual growth.

The famous Dodge City of the Wild West was located in Kansas and was known for its saloons, cowboys, and outlaws.

About Harvey County

Harvey County, located in the state of Kansas, has a rich and diverse history that spans several centuries. The area initially belonged to the Native American tribes, including the Wichita and Pawnee, who roamed the prairies and hunted in the region. It wasn't until the 19th century that European settlers began to arrive and shape the history of Harvey County.

In 1871, a survey of the land led to the establishment of a town called Newton, which would become the county seat of Harvey County. The arrival of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad in 1871 played a crucial role in the growth and development of the county. The railroad brought with it new opportunities for trade and commerce, attracting more settlers to the area.

The early economy of Harvey County revolved around agriculture, with settlers relying on farming and cattle ranching to sustain their livelihoods. Wheat, corn, and livestock became important commodities, and the region thrived as a center for agriculture in Kansas.

Over the years, Harvey County experienced various challenges and transformations. The devastating flood of 1923 caused significant damage to many towns and farms in the area, leading to a period of rebuilding and recovery. In the latter half of the 20th century, the county saw industrial growth, with the establishment of manufacturing and processing plants.

Today, Harvey County continues to thrive as a vibrant community with a diverse economy. The county offers a mix of urban and rural areas, providing its residents with a high quality of life. With its rich history and ongoing development, Harvey County remains an important part of the state of Kansas.

Harvey County Timeline

This timeline provides a concise overview of the key events in the history of Harvey County, Kansas.

1872 - Harvey County established
1872 - Newton becomes the county seat
1873 - First courthouse built in Newton
1874 - Newton City Bank, the first bank in the county, opens
1879 - Santa Fe Railroad reaches Newton, boosting economic growth
1886 - Chisholm Trail drives end in Harvey County
1893 - Newton Carnegie Library opens
1936 - Harvey County is hit hard by the Great Depression
1943 - Camp Phillips, a U.S. Army training camp, is established near Newton during World War II
1965 - Kansas Coliseum, a multi-purpose arena, opens in Newton
1985 - The Kansas & Oklahoma Railroad begins operations in Harvey County
2007 - Hesston College Arboretum is dedicated