Martin County Courthouse

Martin County, Indiana, has a rich history that dates back to the early 19th century. The area was initially home to Native American tribes, including the Miami and Delaware, who lived off the land and thrived in the region's abundant natural resources. European settlers began arriving in the early 1800s, primarily from Kentucky and Virginia, establishing small farming communities along the White River, which runs through the county.

Martin County was officially established on January 17, 1820, named in honor of Captain Joseph Martin, a prominent figure in the American Revolutionary War. The county grew steadily, attracting settlers with its fertile farmland and access to transportation routes like the White River and nearby rail lines. As the population increased, new communities and towns were established, including Shoals, the county seat, and Loogootee.

The early economy of Martin County was centered around agriculture, with crops like corn, wheat, and tobacco being mainstays of the local farming industry. In the late 19th century, the discovery of coal deposits in the region led to the establishment of several coal mines, providing additional economic opportunities for the county. The mining industry boomed for several decades, with numerous mining operations and accompanying towns springing up throughout the county.

Throughout its history, Martin County has faced challenges such as economic downturns and natural disasters. However, the community has persevered, maintaining its agricultural roots while adapting to changing times. Today, Martin County remains a close-knit community with a strong sense of heritage and a determination to preserve its historical landmarks and traditions.